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Corporate Shield Broke Down
- US corporations acted as a political shield for deep economic engagement with China through the 1990s and 2000s.
- That shield eroded as Chinese firms began to squeeze and appropriate technology, fueling Washington's hostility.
Yuan Internationalization Faces A Core Contradiction
- China seeks to reduce dollar dependence but the yuan's limited convertibility blocks easy replacement.
- Beijing fears opening capital markets because free convertibility invites destabilizing 'hot money' flows.
Mutual Interdependence Limits Extremes
- US-China economic interdependence creates a mutual-assured-destruction dynamic that limits full-scale sanctions or autarky.
- Decoupling would be painful and politically costly on both sides, making total separation unlikely.


