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Dyspnea Diagnosis is Tricky
- Dyspnea's differential diagnosis is easy to remember by considering heart, lung, and blood components.
- However, determining the root cause is challenging, even with this framework.
Rule Out Common Causes
- Always consider common conditions like heart failure, COPD, asthma, PE, and pneumonia in dyspnea cases.
- Look for associated symptoms, risk factors, and signs for each condition.
Must-Not-Miss Diagnoses
- Consider must-not-miss diagnoses like arrhythmia, upper airway obstruction, acute coronary syndromes, and pneumothorax.
- Exclude these life-threatening conditions with history, physical exam, and basic tests.


