
The Trivium China Podcast Ep 51 - Reordering global supply chains: licenses, leverage, and our strategic look-ahead
Dec 19, 2025
Cory Combs, Head of Critical Mineral and Supply Chain Research at Trivium China, dives into the complexities of global supply chains and rare earths. He explains China's general licenses for exports and their impact on international trade. The discussion highlights the U.S. push for diversification in critical minerals and the challenges faced, including reliance on specific countries for processing. Combs also introduces the Pax Silica initiative and shares insights on how both China and the world are adapting to these changes, suggesting that better de-risking could enhance stability in U.S.-China relations.
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Heavies And Processing Are The Bottleneck
- Rare-earth diversification splits across light vs heavy elements and raw extraction vs midstream processing.
- Heavy rare-earth processing is the major bottleneck and harder to replicate outside China.
Pair Processing With Downstream Offtake
- Build downstream offtake and magnet manufacturing alongside upstream processing investments.
- Without downstream demand, new processing capacity risks being commercially unviable.
Prioritize Critical Minerals Strategically
- 'Critical minerals' is a broad, uneven category and needs prioritization to focus investment and policy.
- Policymakers must rank chokepoints rather than fund ad hoc projects driven by politics.
