#31: Psychology-Aware Recommender Systems with Elisabeth Lex

Feb 19, 2026

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In episode 31 of Recsperts, I sit down with Elisabeth Lex, Full Professor of Human-Computer Interfaces and Inclusive Technologies at Graz University of Technology and a leading researcher at the intersection of recommender systems, psychology, and human–computer interaction. Together, we explore how recommender systems can become truly human-centric by integrating cognitive, emotional, and personality-aware models into their design.

Elisabeth begins by addressing a common reductionism in the field: treating users primarily as data points rather than as humans with goals, emotions, memories, and cognitive boundaries. We revisit the origins of psychology-informed recommendation, including the Grundy system -the first recommender system, built nearly 50 years ago - which framed book recommendation through stereotype modeling. From there, we discuss how the community’s focus shifted toward solving recommendation mainly as an algorithmic optimization problem, often sidelining richer models of human decision-making.

We then map out the three major branches of psychology-informed RecSys - cognition-inspired, affect-aware, and personality-aware - and dive into practical examples. Elisabeth walks us through her work on modeling music re-listening behavior using cognitive architectures such as ACT-R (Adaptive Control of Thought–Rational) and shows how cognitive constructs like memory decay, attention, and familiarity can meaningfully augment standard approaches like collaborative filtering. We also explore how hybrid systems that combine cognitive models with collaborative filtering can yield not just higher accuracy but also more novelty, diversity, and clearer explanations.

Our conversation also turns to user-centric evaluation. Elisabeth argues that accuracy metrics alone cannot tell us whether a system is genuinely helpful. Instead, we must measure attitudes, perceptions, motivations, and emotional responses - while carefully accounting for cognitive biases, UI effects, and users’ lived experiences.

Towards the end, Elisabeth discusses emerging research directions such as hybrid AI (symbolic + sub-symbolic methods), the role of LLMs and agents, the risks of replacing human studies with automated evaluations, and the responsibility our community has to understand users beyond their clicks.

Enjoy this enriching episode of RECSPERTS – Recommender Systems Experts.

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(00:00) - Introduction
(03:15) - About Elisabeth Lex
(07:55) - Grundy, the first Recommender System
(09:03) - Bridging the Gap between Psychology and Modern RecSys
(17:21) - On how and when Elisabeth became a Researcher
(21:39) - Survey on Psychology-Informed RecSys
(39:29) - Personality-Aware Recommendation
(49:43) - Affect- and Emotion-Aware Recommendation
(01:01:37) - Cognition-Inspired Recommendation and the ACT-R Framework
(01:14:39) - Combining Collaborative Filtering and ACT-R for Explainability
(01:21:26) - Human-Centered Design
(01:26:15) - Further Challenges and Closing Remarks

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