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Middle Ages 7: The Later Crusades and Their Legacies

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May 17, 2017
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INSIGHT

From Popular Zeal To Royal Campaigns

  • Later crusades became more royal, regulated, and chivalric rather than popular and chaotic like the First Crusade.
  • Disease, supply problems, and improved Muslim resistance made later campaigns less successful and more state-directed.
INSIGHT

Saladin's Strategic Reversal

  • Saladin unified Egypt and Syria and reversed Christian gains, making Jerusalem's fall in 1187 the catalyst for the Third Crusade.
  • The Third Crusade regained coastal strongholds but not Jerusalem, leading to pilgrim access agreements.
ANECDOTE

Zara: When Logistics Diverted A Crusade

  • The Fourth Crusade diverted to Zara at Venice's insistence after crusaders couldn't pay their transport costs.
  • The pope excommunicated the crusaders for attacking a Christian city, but leaders hid that news from the rank-and-file.
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