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Durable Cellular Immunity Explains Protection
- Vaccines produce durable T-cell and B-cell immunity that protects strongly against severe disease even as antibodies wane.
- Breakthroughs with severe outcomes concentrate in people over 65, guiding booster prioritization.
Who Should Get A Booster Now
- Recommend boosters primarily for people aged 65+, the immunocompromised, and those with high occupational exposure.
- Discuss booster decisions with clinicians for others with medical conditions or risk factors.
Boosters Reflect Circulation, Not Vaccine Collapse
- Booster discussions reflect high community transmission and uneven global uptake more than absolute vaccine failure.
- A two-dose mRNA series is likely sufficient in low-circulation settings, but high virus levels make a third dose functionally necessary.