New Books in Sociology

The American Mirage: How Reality TV Upholds the Myth of Meritocracy

Feb 19, 2026
Dr. Eunji Kim, Assistant Professor of Political Science at Columbia who studies media effects, explores how reality TV molds beliefs about success. She discusses news avoidance, how rags-to-riches shows promote meritocracy, links to lower support for redistribution, and surprising field experiments like hometown effects from American Idol.
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ANECDOTE

Harvard Was A TV Set

  • Eunji Kim grew up in a small Korean island and only learned about America through media, mistaking UCLA-shot scenes for Harvard.
  • That misimpression sparked her interest in how entertainment shapes perceptions of a country.
INSIGHT

News Avoidance Is The Default

  • Most Americans avoid formal news and spend little web traffic on news sites, according to web-tracking behavior data.
  • Eunji Kim shows less than 4% of web traffic goes to news, revealing a massive shift in media consumption patterns.
INSIGHT

Reality TV Sends A Unified Message

  • Reality TV repeatedly presents rags-to-riches narratives across varied shows, creating a consistent cultural signal.
  • This repeated exposure fulfills media-effect conditions that can shape beliefs about upward mobility and meritocracy.
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