JAMA Editors' Summary Biomarkers for Alzheimer Disease, Antibiotics for Appendicitis, Restless Legs Syndrome Review, and more
Jan 23, 2026
A roundup of a decade-long antibiotics vs surgery comparison for appendicitis and a nalbufine trial that cut chronic cough counts. A national look at cancer mortality shifts under age 50, including colorectal trends. Discussion of blood biomarker equity concerns for Alzheimer disease. Practical updates on opioid use disorder treatment and restless legs syndrome diagnosis and management.
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Antibiotics Can Be A Durable Option For Appendicitis
- Antibiotic therapy for CT-confirmed uncomplicated appendicitis avoided surgery in over half of patients at 10 years, but 44.3% eventually had appendectomy.
- Complication rates were lower with antibiotics and long-term quality of life was similar, supporting shared decision-making.
Engage Patients In Appendicitis Decisions
- Use shared decision-making when choosing surgery versus antibiotics for uncomplicated appendicitis.
- Tailor decisions to patient values, circumstances, and access to follow-up care.
Nalbufine Shows Promise For IPF Cough
- Oral nalbufine reduced 24-hour cough counts in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, with higher doses improving patient-reported severity.
- The Phase 2B CORAL trial suggests nalbufine may be an effective chronic cough treatment in this population.