The Voices of War

Today, I spoke with Nadim Shehadi, a distinguished Lebanese economist and academic, who delved into the intricate mesh of Palestinian, Israeli, and broader Middle Eastern politics, economics, and conflicts. With a rich background that spans prestigious positions at the Fletcher School, Chatham House, and Oxford as well as personal experiences of previous wars in Lebanon and beyond, Nadim brings a nuanced perspective to the complexities and tragedies of the region. Some of the key topics we covered are: ·      Gaza Dynamics: Analysing recent events in Gaza, Nadim offers an expert take on the guerrilla warfare tactics of Hamas and the cyclical nature of the conflict with Israel. ·      Global Reactions: The discussion turns to the diverse international reactions to the Gaza conflict, highlighting the polarising effect on global politics. ·      Trap Warfare: Nadim introduces the concept of 'trap' warfare, elucidating how Hamas's tactics bait international disapproval for Israel. ·      Lebanese Sovereignty: The conversation addresses Hezbollah's role in Lebanon, discussing the challenges to Lebanese sovereignty and governance. ·      Civilians in Conflict: An exploration of the civilian experience in Gaza and Lebanon, emphasizing the human cost of ongoing tensions. ·      Resistance and Negotiation: Nadim contrasts the methodologies of armed resistance and negotiation in political struggle. ·      Lebanon's Political Mosaic: A historical overview of Lebanon's political evolution, with insights into its unique culture and the legacy of empires. ·      Intricacies of Conflict: Nadim delves into the intricate connections between local politics and broader regional dynamics, underscoring the international community's involvement. ·      Regional Dynamics: The discussion highlights the strategic roles of Arab states, the Gulf region, Egypt, Jordan, the European Union, and the United States in fostering stability. ·      Critique of U.S. Policy: Nadim offers a critical analysis of the U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East, noting a misalignment with the complex regional context. ·      Security Concerns for Israel: Insights into Israel's security priorities and the existential challenges it faces from regional adversaries. ·      Underestimating Iran: A critique of the U.S. administration's oversight of Iran's influence in the region, particularly in relation to the JCPOA. ·      Policy Proposals Examined: Nadim assesses Antony Blinken's policy proposals, suggesting they lack the depth required to grasp the region's nuanced challenges. ·      Survival Mentality: The conversation closes with a personal reflection on living under constant threat, depicting the day-to-day reality of Middle Eastern geopolitics. Nadim Shehadi's expertise sheds light on the historical and current challenges facing the Middle East, offering a profound examination of the power dynamics at play. This episode is a must-listen for anyone seeking to understand the deeper narratives that shape this complex region. Resources: Lebanon is revisiting the ghost of the 2006 Israel-Hezbollah war by Nadim Shehadi Some reflections on events unfolding in Gaza by Vedran 'Maz' Maslic   Finally, don't forget to subscribe, rate, and share The Voices of War to help us continue exploring the complex narratives of war. To comment or take the conversation further, please connect with us here:   https://www.thevoicesofwar.com  https://www.twitter.com/twitter.com/thevoicesofwar https://au.linkedin.com/company/the-voices-of-war https://www.youtube.com/youtube.com/thevoicesofwar

Today, I spoke with Dr David Livingstone Smith, who is a philosophy professor at the University of New England. He specialises in the study of dehumanisation and mass violence. David is the author of several award-winning books, including ‘Less Than Human: Why We Demean, Enslave and Exterminate Others’ as well as ‘On Inhumanity: Dehumanization and How to Resist It’. David’s most recent book that is: 'Making Monsters, The Uncanny Power of Dehumanisation'. David joined me to provide his expert opinion on dehumanisation we are witnessing as part of the ongoing war between Israel and Hamas.    Key Topics Covered: Dehumanisation and Its Roots: David delves into the psychological and social aspects of dehumanisation, explaining how it serves as a precursor to violence. Israel-Hamas Conflict: A focus on the risks and implications of dehumanisation in the ongoing war between Israel and Hamas. The Role of Fear: David discusses how politicians, particularly authoritarian ones, capitalise on fear to manipulate behaviour. Social Dynamics: The conversation touches on how social forces and community behaviour can either inhibit or encourage violence. The Power of Public Opinion: David emphasises the need for influential voices to steer public opinion towards constructive solutions.  Resources:  You can find my previous discussion with David here. David’s Substack, which includes all the essays he mentioned is available here. Less Than Human: Why We Demean, Enslave and Exterminate Others On Inhumanity: Dehumanization and How to Resist It Finally, don't forget to subscribe, rate, and share The Voices of War to help us continue exploring the complex narratives of war. To comment or take the conversation further, please connect to us here: https://www.thevoicesofwar.com https://www.twitter.com/twitter.com/thevoicesofwar https://au.linkedin.com/company/the-voices-of-war https://www.youtube.com/youtube.com/thevoicesofwar #Dehumanisation #IsraelHamasConflict #SocialDynamics #TheVoicesOfWar #DavidLivingstonSmith #IsraelPalestineWar #IsraelHamasWar #Israel #Palestine #Hamas

My guest today is Chris Gunness who is a seasoned journalist and diplomat with decades of experience reporting on and working in the Middle East. Chris began his career at the BBC in 1982, and for 23 years, he served in numerous capacities including reporter and foreign correspondent. In 2005, he transitioned to diplomacy, joining the United Nations Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process, and later became the Spokesman for the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNWRA). Post-UN, Chris founded the Myanmar Accountability Project in 2021, which brings criminal prosecutions against members of the Myanmar Junta and he is currently the Director of this initiative. Chris joined me for his reflections on the tragic escalation of violence in Israel and across Gaza and the West Bank. Some of the topics we covered include: Underlying Causes of Conflict: Chris delved into the root causes of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, highlighting the blockade of Gaza, the ongoing Israeli occupation and unfettered settlement expansion. The Blockade of Gaza: Chris discussed Israel's control over Gaza's land, sea, and air borders, emphasising the humanitarian crisis this has caused. Dehumanisation: Chris talks about the ‘Red Lines’ policy and how it reflects the dehumanisation of Palestinians. Role of the International Community: Critical reflection on the international community's role in perpetuating the conflict, particularly the U.S.'s unwavering support for Israel. Need for a Mandela Figure: Chris suggested that the conflict needs a leader with a vision of peace and the courage to see it through. Israeli Cabinet's Rhetoric: He points out the dehumanising language used by some Israeli cabinet ministers, such as ‘Gaza needs to be put on a diet’ Resources: Professor Rashid Khalidi - Understanding the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: An Exploration of Root Causes and Geopolitical Dynamics Finally, don't forget to subscribe, rate, and share The Voices of War to help us continue exploring the complex narratives of war. To comment or take the conversation further, please connect to us here: https://www.thevoicesofwar.com https://www.twitter.com/twitter.com/thevoicesofwar https://au.linkedin.com/company/the-voices-of-war https://www.youtube.com/youtube.com/thevoicesofwar

In today's episode, I am honoured to host Professor Rashid Khalidi, a distinguished scholar and the Edward Said Professor of Modern Arab Studies at Columbia University. Known for his profound insights into Middle Eastern politics, Professor Khalidi is also the author of the ground-breaking book ‘100 Years' War on Palestine: A History of Settler Colonialism and Resistance, 1917–2017’. He joined me to discuss the intricate dynamics of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the geopolitics of the Middle East, and the role of international actors in shaping the region. Given the ongoing escalation of violence in Israel and across the Occupied Territories, the importance of nuance cannot be understated.   Some of the topics we covered include: Historical Roots of Zionism: Understand the pivotal roles played by Britain and the United States in the creation of Israel and support of Zionism. Israeli Settlement Expansion: Explore the controversial policies surrounding Israeli settlement expansion and their impact on the region. Life Under Occupation: Gain insights into the daily struggles faced by Palestinians living under Israeli occupation. Western Hypocrisy in International Politics: Examine the dichotomy between interests and values, and how Western nations often display hypocrisy in their international political stances. Religious Influence in Israeli Politics: Delve into the role of religious ideologies in shaping Israeli political policies. De Facto Annexation of Palestinian Territories: Learn about the unofficial yet impactful annexation of Palestinian lands by Israel. Challenges in Palestinian Diplomacy: Understand the hurdles faced by Palestinian leadership in their diplomatic efforts. Global Geopolitics and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: Explore how the conflict fits into broader geopolitical trends and alliances. The 'Shared Values' Argument Between the U.S. and Israel: Examine the evolving narrative of 'shared values' and its implications for U.S.-Israel relations. Potential for Change in Israeli-Palestinian Relations: Discuss the possibilities for meaningful change in the conflict, particularly in the context of shifting global public opinion. Don't miss this enlightening episode that offers a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, Middle Eastern geopolitics, and the role of international actors. Resources: Professor Rashid Khalidi’s book: The Hundred Years' War on Palestine: A History of Settler Colonialism and Resistance, 1917-2017 Finally, don't forget to subscribe, rate, and share The Voices of War to help us continue exploring the complex narratives of war. To comment or take the conversation further, please connect to us here: https://www.thevoicesofwar.com https://www.twitter.com/twitter.com/thevoicesofwar https://au.linkedin.com/company/the-voices-of-war https://www.youtube.com/youtube.com/thevoicesofwar

Today, I welcome back Carl Miller, a leading expert in the ethics of artificial intelligence and the Research Director at Demos, a UK-based think tank. After his insightful discussion on information warfare, cyber-attacks, and weaponisation of social media in Episode 51, Carl returns to delve deeper into the ethical, social, and political ramifications of AI. From exploring the centralisation of power in AI development to discussing real-world case studies on deepfake technology and ethical risks, this episode offers a comprehensive look at the complex landscape of AI governance and ethics. Carl also shares inspiring stories of AI's potential for social good, making this a must-listen for anyone interested in the future of AI and its impact on society. As you’ll hear, Carl also shared details about his latest project Recursive Public, an experiment in identifying areas of consensus and disagreement among the international AI community, policymakers, and the public on key questions of governance. Please consider supporting this important and worthwhile AI governance project. You can register here. Some of the other topics we covered are: A Think Tanker's Foray into AI Ethics Carl’s background in public policy and his role at Demos, a leading UK think tank with a focus on AI ethics and governance. Understanding Power Dynamics in the AI Era Carl defines the concept of power in the digital age and its implications for AI governance. Categorising different forms of power, including economic and coercive power, and how they relate to AI development. Who Holds the Reins of AI? The Centralisation of Power An in-depth look into the entities that hold the levers of power in AI, from tech giants to governmental bodies. Centralisation of AI Technologies Discussion on the centralisation of AI technologies like GPT and its societal implications. Fostering a Collaborative Community in AI Carl emphasises the need for a less hostile, more collaborative approach to AI ethics and governance. Ethical Concerns: AI's Potential for Social Harm Exploration of the ethical risks associated with AI, particularly in polarised societies and areas lacking human rights frameworks. The Agency of AI: A Risk Assessment Discussion on the conditions under which AI could become a dangerous entity, including the potential for autonomous action. Deepfakes and Misinformation: A Case Study A real-world example of how deepfake technology was utilised to create misleading news broadcasts in Venezuela. Positive AI Use Cases: Empowering the Marginalised Inspiring stories from India where AI is bridging the digital divide and improving access to government services. Future of AI Ethics The episode concludes with a look at what's next in the field of AI ethics and governance. Resources: Carl Miller's Book: The Death of the Gods Intelligence Squared Podcast Episode 51 with Carl Miller Finally, don't forget to subscribe, rate, and share The Voices of War to help us continue exploring the complex narratives of war. To comment or take the conversation further, please connect to us here: https://www.thevoicesofwar.com https://www.twitter.com/twitter.com/thevoicesofwar https://au.linkedin.com/company/the-voices-of-war https://www.youtube.com/youtube.com/thevoicesofwar

In this compelling episode, we explore the challenges and realities of anti-war activism in Russia with Moscow-based educator and activist, Vlad Sakovich. From the risks of questioning the regime to the complexities of fostering dialogue, Vlad provides a nuanced look into the intricacies of activism in a restrictive environment. Brief Summary of Vlad Sakovich: Vlad Sakovich is a Moscow-based educator, psychologist, and anti-war activist. Despite the risks associated with his work, Vlad has been deeply involved in grassroots dialogue initiatives and anti-war movements since the 2014 Donbas War and Crimea's annexation. He facilitates open forums for Russians to discuss the war and runs an online course on civic facilitation, aiming to change the Russian narrative surrounding the conflict. Key points covered in the conversation: Introduction to Vlad Sakovich Background as an educator, psychologist, and anti-war activist Initiatives like open forums and online courses on civic facilitation Motivations for Activism Gradual involvement sparked by a series of incidents Initial focus on societal change while being apolitical Turning Point in Activism Connection and subsequent disconnect with a Ukrainian mediator at an international conference Realisation of the need for dialogue in conflict situations Challenges and Realities in Russia The diverse profiles of those supporting the invasion The risks associated with questioning the Russian regime The difficulties of fostering dialogue in a restrictive environment The sparse network of anti-war activists in Russia The impact of legislation criminalising dissent The emotional toll of activism in a high-risk setting Work and Objectives The compelling need to take action Various trials and efforts in fostering dialogue The importance of grassroots initiatives in a country where top-down change is unlikely This episode offers a rare glimpse into the challenges of anti-war activism in Russia, a topic often shrouded in complexity and risk. While this episode remains free to all, please consider subscribing to The Voices Of War here, to gain access to all other episodes. I thank you for supporting the show. Lastly, to find out more about the excellent initiative by my friends over at IN2 Comms I mentioned in the intro, please go here. Thank you for listening. To comment or take the conversation further, please connect to us here: https://www.thevoicesofwar.com https://www.twitter.com/twitter.com/thevoicesofwar https://au.linkedin.com/company/the-voices-of-war https://www.facebook.com/facebook.com/thevoicesofwar https://www.youtube.com/youtube.com/thevoicesofwar

In today's episode, I sit down with Dr. Jonathan French Flint, an Inamori Research Associate at Case Western Reserve University with a focus on military ethics and strategic theory. Dr. Flint has a background in teaching in the UK and has presented his work at a range of academic venues, including the United States Army Command and General Staff College. He has also made contributions to military ethics literature, notably with the International Committee of the Red Cross, and has appeared on the Canadian CTV Network as an expert discussing the war in Ukraine and broader issues in military and international affairs. Our conversation aims to explore the complexities of Strategic Theory, particularly its role in informing decisions about war. Dr. Flint brings a unique perspective to this subject, advocating for the inclusion of ethical considerations in strategic planning for conflict. Here are some of the key topics we cover: **Pathway to Specialisation**: Dr. Flint shares how he entered the niche field of military ethics and Strategic Theory. **Unlocking Strategic Theory**: We examine what Strategic Theory entails and the problems it seeks to solve. **Defining 'Victory'**: We discuss the often-ambiguous term 'Victory' in the context of warfare. **'Wars of Choice' Conundrum**: Dr. Flint elaborates on the difficulties tied to defining victory in wars of choice. **Ethics vs. Interests**: A look into the tension between moral values and geopolitical interests in 'wars of choice'. **Moral Injury**: An exploration of the concept of 'moral injury' as it relates to ‘wars of choice’. **Ethical Frameworks**: We discuss General McChrystal's concepts of 'Courageous Restraint' and 'Insurgent Math'. **Moral Compass**: The conversation turns to defining the difference between morals, morality, and ethics in warfare. **Case Studies**: Dr. Flint briefly outlines his thesis, examining the Falklands and Kosovo conflicts through an ethical lens. **Accountability**: We close with a discussion on the responsibility of senior political and military figures for unethical actions on the battlefield. This episode provides a nuanced exploration of the ethical considerations in Strategic Theory and warfare. It's a thought-provoking listen for those interested in going beyond surface-level discussions about conflict. **Join the Conversation** For listeners looking to engage with this discussion further, follow us and comment: https://www.thevoicesofwar.com https://www.twitter.com/twitter.com/thevoicesofwar https://au.linkedin.com/company/the-voices-of-war https://www.facebook.com/facebook.com/thevoicesofwar https://www.youtube.com/youtube.com/thevoicesofwar **Thank You for Listening!** We invite you to share, comment, and subscribe. If you enjoyed this episode, please leave a review on Apple Podcasts https://podcasts.apple.com/au/podcast/the-voices-of-war/id1551498657 or your preferred podcast platform.

Today's episode is a compelling and insightful conversation with Yousuf Sediq, a former Afghan Special Forces Operator and the author of '5000 Days of War: The Firsthand Account of an Afghan Special Forces Operator.'  Yousuf's book is an honest and vivid portrayal of his experiences in the Afghan war, offering unparalleled insight through the eyes of a native Afghan who grew up under Taliban rule. Following the fall of the Taliban in 2001, Yousuf's journey took him from an interpreter for the Coalition Forces to becoming a squadron commander in the ultra-secret Task Force-241. He also played a key role in the security of the Kabul International Airport during the chaotic withdrawal in August 2021.   In This Episode, You'll hear about: Life Under the Taliban: Growing up under the oppressive rule of the Taliban in Afghanistan. Joining the Battle: The personal journey of Yousuf Sediq in joining with the Coalition Forces in the fight against the Taliban. Interpreter on the Frontline: Yousuf's initial experiences and the vital role of interpreters in the Afghan war. The Plight of Coalition Interpreters: A detailed discussion on the challenges and misunderstood lives of interpreters. Private Company Treatment of Interpreters: An exploration of employment conditions for interpreters in Afghanistan. Understanding Afghan Local Context: The significance of cultural and local insight in military operations. Surviving Explosions and Brain Injury: The effects and recovery from severe war injuries. The Rise to Task Force 241: Yousuf's entry and progression through the Afghan Commandos to Task Force 241. Inside Task Force 241: An in-depth look at the secret unit, its missions, impact, and capabilities in Afghanistan. Legal Prosecution of Taliban Fighters: The legal complexities and challenges surrounding the prosecution of the Taliban. Engagement Rules within Task Force 241: An examination of ethical guidelines and conduct within the secretive unit. CIA-Funded Units & War Crime Allegations: A critical discussion on controversial actions and allegations within Afghanistan. Trust in the Shadows of Task Force 241: Why trust plays a crucial role within military units. Defending Kabul with Task Force 241: The vital role of Task Force 241 during the fall of Kabul in 2021. Afghan Civilians & Security Forces: Insights into how Afghan civilians perceive their security forces. Post-Taliban Takeover Allegiances: The shifting political and tribal alliances following the resurgence of the Taliban. Afghanistan's Uncertain Future: Reflections and predictions on the prospects for Afghanistan. For listeners looking to engage with this discussion further, follow us and comment: https://www.thevoicesofwar.com https://www.twitter.com/twitter.com/thevoicesofwar https://au.linkedin.com/company/the-voices-of-war https://www.facebook.com/facebook.com/thevoicesofwar https://www.youtube.com/youtube.com/thevoicesofwar **Thank You for Listening!** We invite you to share, comment, and subscribe. If you enjoyed this episode, please leave a review on Apple Podcasts https://podcasts.apple.com/au/podcast/the-voices-of-war/id1551498657 or your preferred podcast platform.

In today's episode, my guest is Lieutenant Colonel Kevin Cutright, a prominent Associate Professor in the Department of English and Philosophy at the US Military Academy, West Point. Kevin's extensive in-the-field experiences have fuelled his exploration into the ethical aspects of military planning and conduct, the role of empathy, and the concept of moral injury.    We delve deep into the significance of empathy in military operations, a subject comprehensively covered in Kevin's newly published book, 'The Empathetic Soldier.' Not only relevant but his insights on empathy are also crucial for military personnel and those responsible for making war decisions.   During our conversation, we shed light on several pivotal points:   - Kevin's military background and experiences. - Benefits of the US Military's academic approach. - Origins of Kevin's interest in empathy. - Defining empathy: challenges and nuances. - Differentiating between etic and emic perceptions of the world. - Role and value of empathy in operational contexts. - Security Force Assistance Brigades: their purpose and capabilities. - Mitigating the potential risks of operational empathy. - Intersection of empathy with the principles of 'Just Cause' and 'Right Intention' in warfare. - Exploring 'Moral Injury': its definition and its ties with empathy. - Methods and significance of empathy training. - Using empathy as an instrument for understanding adversaries, mitigating bias, and enhancing decision-making. - Discussing the critical role of 'strategic empathy.'   Join us in this engaging dialogue as we unpack these topics, offering a fresh perspective on empathy's role within the military realm.   Thank you for listening. To comment or take the conversation further, please connect to us here: https://www.thevoicesofwar.com https://www.twitter.com/TheVoicesOfWar https://www.linkedin.com/company/the-voices-of-war https://www.facebook.com/thevoicesofwar https://www.youtube.com/thevoicesofwar

My guest today is Heidi Langbein-Allen who recently published the memoirs of her father, Willi Langbein, who at the age of 13 was forced to fight for the Nazis. The book is called ‘Save the Last Bullet: Memoir of a boy soldier in Hitler’s Army’ and it vividly explores the use of propaganda and misinformation to give moral weight to an otherwise losing and abhorrent cause. It is also a story of lost innocence and despair in the face of circumstances beyond the control of fully grown adults, let alone children and teenagers. But it is also a story of determination, resilience, and hope, nurtured in the ruins of post-war Germany. Some of the topics we covered are: Nazi propaganda's deliberate targeting of children and youth Indoctrination techniques used in organisations like the Jung Volk and Hitler Jugend Structural changes made to history and national narrative to align with Nazi ideology Willi Langbein's personal motivation to share his story and experiences The brutal enforcement of collective punishment and forced submission to authority by the SS The significance behind Willi's first battle and the concept of ‘saving the last bullet’ Willi's experiences during the physical end of the war and his treatment as a person under confinement How German soldiers and citizens perceived German atrocities during the war Germany's handling of collective guilt in the aftermath of World War II Transforming despair into hope in the face of post-war challenges Heidi's upbringing with an emotionally unavailable father and its impact on her life The positive reception of the book and its ability to resonate with young readers The reasons behind positive reviews from the Jewish community regarding the book Heidi's ongoing projects and plans for the future