History of Philosophy Without Any Gaps

Medieval philosopher Gilbert of Poitiers proposes a unique theory of individuation. The podcast explores the challenge of distinguishing individuals, different theories of individuation, and Gilbert's views on substances and dividuals, future properties, and the influence of his account in theological and political discussions.

The hosts of the History of the Crusades, History of Byzantium, and British History podcasts discuss the Crusades' concept and boundaries, the decline of the Crusader states, working with medieval sources, historical figures including Eleanor of Aquitaine and Emperor Frederick II, Christianity in the medieval period, the role of monks and nuns in medieval society, the story of Britain from ice ages to Charlemagne, and the challenges of studying the role of women in medieval British history.

Exploring the concept of the 'book of nature' and its importance in different historical periods. The influence of Arabic scientific literature on 12th-century readers. Applying natural philosophy to biblical interpretation and emphasizing observation. Allegorical interpretations of classical texts and the role of liberal arts in understanding nature.

Exploring the philosophers of the School of Chartres in the 12th century and their differing views; Bernard of Chartres' philosophy on platonic metaphysics and forms; the application of arithmetic to theology and the study of nature in philosophy; William's naturalist approach and his explorations of the physical universe.

Debate and denunciation of attempts to explain the Trinity in Abelard, Richard of St Victor, and Bernard of Clairvaux. Discussion on the role of philosophy in understanding the concept of one substance existing as three persons. Exploring the trial of Peter Abilard and its consequences. Bernard of Clairvaux's criticism of other orders and communities. Philosophical debate on the nature of the Trinity and rationalist approaches.

Hugh of Saint Victor and other scholars of the same abbey combine secular learning with spirituality.

John Marenbon discusses Peter Abelard's views on freedom, necessity, and God's omniscience. The implications of retroactive power and false beliefs are explored. The podcast also delves into God's decision-making process and the concept of acting without reason. The universal disdain for an argument, a viewpoint attributed to Abelard, is also discussed.

Peter Abelard sets out an innovative ethical theory that identifies intentions as the core of moral life.

Peter Abelard and Heloise prove themselves to be fascinating thinkers as well as star-crossed lovers. The podcast discusses their secret marriage, conflicts with theologians, influence of Abelard's teacher, negating propositions, their transition into monastic life, Hadoise's bold and unapologetic letters, and Peter Abilard's change in method and his triumphant anecdote.

Abelard and other logicians of the 12th century argue over the status of universals: are they words or things?