Eye On A.I.

There has been a debate in the past few years between the symbolists and the connectionists about the future of artificial intelligence. The symbolists say that traditional, explainable, logic-based approaches still hold tremendous promise while the connectionists say that the power of deep learning, for all its current opacity and narrow application, holds the key to more general forms of machine intelligence. This week, I speak with David Cox, IBM Director of the MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab, which is blending the two traditions in what they call neuro-symbolic AI in hopes to move AI forward.

Justin Gottschlich, who founded the machine programming research group at Intel Labs, explains his group's efforts to automate software development. The ambition is to make it possible for anybody to create software simply by describing what they intend the software to do.

This week I talk to Casimir Wierzynski, a senior director in Intel's AI Products Group, Cas talked about his work in privacy, taking me on a tour of the latest strategies that promise to unlock the data necessary to liberate AI. He talked about hardening encryption against the code-cracking power of quantum computers and about his work in connectomics with salami slicers for the brain that are making it possible to map the neural networks of our minds.

Terry Sejnowski, author of the book Deep Learning Revolution, who together with Geoff Hinton created Boltzmann machines, a deep learning network that has remarkable similarities to learning in the brain, talks about whether machines dream and the algorithms of the brain, whether Marvin Minsky was the devil and how deep learning is shaping the future of education.

The podcast discusses the application of AI in tackling the climate crisis, the competition between the US and China in AI innovation, and the future of machine learning with unsupervised learning. Topics include the urgency of transitioning to zero carbon energy, China's AI advantages, shifting from supervised to unsupervised learning, and robots learning in diverse environments.

Daphne Koller, formerly at Stanford University and cofounder of the online education company, Coursera, talks this week about using machine-learning to develop new drugs. Her approach is to use machine learning to accuratley identify cellular or genetic targets for treatment. The field is just getting started but promises to speed the development of new and better therapies to treat disease.

My guest this week, Aude Billard from Switzerland's Learning Algorithms and Systems Laboratory, blends control theory with machine learning to build robotic systems that are both swift and precise but can handle some of the unpredictability of the real world. Her lab famously taught a robot arm to catch a tennis racket looping through the air and is working on ever more precise robots that can even do the work of Switzerland's famous watchmakers.

Former Google chief executive Eric Schmidt and former Deputy Defense Secretary Bob Work, co-chairs of the U.S. National Security Commission on AI, talk about the challenges the government faces in winning support from a skeptical private sector and in maintaining engagement with China while ensuring that that engagement doesn't work to America's detriment.

The secret in much of artificial intelligence today is that it depends on hordes of unskilled workers to label the data used to train supervised learning models. But, in order for data science teams to work with labelers around the world, they need a platform. This week, in the second of a periodic series of sponsored episodes, I talk to Manu Sharma and Brian Rieger, who saw the opportunity to provide that platform and founded Labelbox, the leading labelling software in the space.

This week, I talk to Dawn Song, one of the world's foremost experts in computer security, about her vision of a new paradigm in which people control their data and are compensated for its use by corporations. Dawn, a professor at the University of California, Berkeley, has recently launched a company, Oasis Labs, which is building a platform that brings together the immutability of blockchain and the privacy of secure enclaves to give data owners the ability to control their data.