The Dissenter

------------------Support the channel------------ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thedissenter SubscribeStar: https://www.subscribestar.com/the-dissenter PayPal: paypal.me/thedissenter PayPal Subscription 1 Dollar: https://tinyurl.com/yb3acuuy PayPal Subscription 3 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/ybn6bg9l PayPal Subscription 5 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/ycmr9gpz PayPal Subscription 10 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/y9r3fc9m PayPal Subscription 20 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/y95uvkao ------------------Follow me on--------------------- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thedissenteryt/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheDissenterYT Anchor (podcast): https://anchor.fm/thedissenter Dr. Derek Leben is Associate Professor of Philosophy at the University of Pittsburgh, Johnstown. He works at the intersection of ethics, cognitive science, and emerging technologies. In his new book, Ethics for Robots, Dr. Leben argues for the use of a particular moral framework for designing autonomous systems based on the Contractarianism of John Rawls. He also demonstrates how this framework can be productively applied to autonomous vehicles, medical technologies, and weapons systems. In this episode, we focus on the main topics of Dr. Leben’s Ethics for Robots. We first discuss the types of robots that need to have ethical systems programmed into them. Then, we get into the issue of how to establish an objective moral system. Dr. Leben explains Contractarianism ethics. We also go over some specific technologies, like self-driving cars, carebots, police-bots, and others, and we refer to specific issues like discrimination and consent. Finally, we talk about the role of science fiction in providing us with thought experiments about emergent and future technology, and to what extent that has a positive or a negative effect. -- Follow Dr. Leben’s work: Faculty page: https://bit.ly/2WuZds4 Researchgate profile: https://bit.ly/2W92PUr Ethics for Robots: https://amzn.to/2MPnwBk Twitter handle: @EthicsForRobots -- A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BRIAN RIVERA, ADRIANO ANDRADE, YEVHEN BODRENKO, SERGIU CODREANU, ADAM BJERRE, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK, AIRES ALMEIDA, BERNARDO SEIXAS, HERBERT GINTIS, RUTGER VOS, AND RICARDO VLADIMIRO! A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY PRODUCERS, YZAR WEHBE, ROSEY, AND JIM FRANK!

------------------Support the channel------------ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thedissenter PayPal: paypal.me/thedissenter ------------------Follow me on--------------------- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thedissenteryt/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheDissenterYT This is Part 2 of the conversation with Dr. Terrence Deacon: Consciousness, Semiotics, Symbolism and Language. Time Links:  00:00 Consciousness, and unconscious mental processes 06:52 Semiotics, and studying how we deal with symbols  16:51 The biological bases of language  28:30 Cultural sources to understand the evolution of language  40:39 Follow Dr. Deacon’s work!  -- A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, JUNOS, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JIM FRANK, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, AND HANS FREDRIK SUNDE! I also leave you with the link to a recent montage video I did with the interviews I have released until the end of June 2018: https://youtu.be/efdb18WdZUo And check out my playlists on: PSYCHOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/ybalf8km PHILOSOPHY: https://tinyurl.com/yb6a7d3p ANTHROPOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/y8b42r7g

 ------------------Support the channel------------ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thedissenter SubscribeStar: https://www.subscribestar.com/the-dissenter PayPal: paypal.me/thedissenter PayPal Subscription 1 Dollar: https://tinyurl.com/yb3acuuy PayPal Subscription 3 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/ybn6bg9l PayPal Subscription 5 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/ycmr9gpz PayPal Subscription 10 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/y9r3fc9m PayPal Subscription 20 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/y95uvkao ------------------Follow me on--------------------- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thedissenteryt/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheDissenterYT Anchor (podcast): https://anchor.fm/thedissenter Dr. Laura Cabrera is Assistant Professor in the Center for Ethics and Humanities in the Life Sciences and the Department of Translational Science & Molecular Medicine at Michigan State University. Dr. Cabrera's interests focus on the ethical and societal implications of neurotechnology and neuroscientific advances. She has been working on projects that explore the media coverage and the attitudes of the general public toward pharmacological and novel neurosurgical interventions for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. She has also worked on the public perceptions towards the use of different modalities of neuromodifiers for enhancement purposes, as well as their normative implications. Her current work focuses on the ethical and social implications of environmental changes for brain and mental health. She’s also the author of the book Rethinking Human Enhancement: Social Enhancement and Emergent Technologies. In this episode, we discuss human enhancement from a philosophical perspective. We talk about the difficulty in defining “enhancement”, and also about the three paradigms of human enhancement, as defined by Dr. Cabrera in her book, Rethinking Human Enhancement: the biomedical, the transhumanist, and the social. -- Follow Dr. Cabrera’s work: Faculty page: https://bit.ly/2UwWRwK Researchgate profile: https://bit.ly/2v3hSjG Rethinking Human Enhancement: Social Enhancement and Emergent Technologies: https://amzn.to/2WuJE8x -- A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BRIAN RIVERA, ADRIANO ANDRADE, YEVHEN BODRENKO, SERGIU CODREANU, ADAM BJERRE, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK, AIRES ALMEIDA, BERNARDO SEIXAS, HERBERT GINTIS, RUTGER VOS, AND RICARDO VLADIMIRO! A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY PRODUCERS, YZAR WEHBE, ROSEY, AND JIM FRANK!

------------------Support the channel------------ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thedissenter PayPal: paypal.me/thedissenter ------------------Follow me on--------------------- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thedissenteryt/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheDissenterYT This is Part 1 of the conversation with Dr. Terrence Deacon: Absence and Constraints, from Physics to Mental Phenomena. Time Links:  01:32 Dr. Deacon’s interdisciplinary approach 06:04 Life and the second law of thermodynamics  09:38 The concept of absence and constraints    17:02 Homeodynamics, morphodynamics, and teleodynamics  26:22 Information from a Physics perspective  37:04 Emergence and how to get to mental phenomena  -- A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, JUNOS, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JIM FRANK, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, AND HANS FREDRIK SUNDE! I also leave you with the link to a recent montage video I did with the interviews I have released until the end of June 2018: https://youtu.be/efdb18WdZUo And check out my playlists on: PSYCHOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/ybalf8km PHILOSOPHY: https://tinyurl.com/yb6a7d3p ANTHROPOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/y8b42r7g

------------------Support the channel------------ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thedissenter PayPal: paypal.me/thedissenter ------------------Follow me on--------------------- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thedissenteryt/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheDissenterYT Dr. Terrence Deacon is currently Professor of Anthropology and member of the Cognitive Science faculty at the University of California, Berkeley. His theoretical interests include the study of evolution-like processes at multiple levels, including their role in embryonic development, neural signal processing, language change, social processes, and focusing especially on how these different processes interact and depend on each other. Professor Deacon's research has combined human evolutionary biology and neuroscience, with the aim of investigating the evolution of human cognition. He’s the author of The Symbolic Species: The Coevolution of Language and the Brain, and his most recent book, Incomplete Nature: How Mind Emerged from Matter, explores the relationship between thermodynamic, self-organizing, evolutionary and semiotic processes and provides a new technical conception of information that explains both its representational and normative properties. In this episode, we cover some of the major topics of Incomplete Nature, including: the second law of thermodynamics; absence and constraints; homeodynamics, morphodynamics, and teleodynamics; information; emergence; how we get from Physics to mental phenomena. We also talk about language and semiotics, including the biological bases of language, and how to study its evolution. Time Links: 01:17 What is theory of mind, and how did it evolve?           09:38 The concept of absence and constraints          17:02 Homeodynamics, morphodynamics, and teleodynamics       26:22 Information from a Physics perspective       37:04 Emergence and how to get to mental phenomena   49:13 Consciousness, and unconscious mental processes 56:05 Semiotics, and studying how we deal with symbols  1:06:04 The biological bases of language  1:17:43 Cultural sources to understand the evolution of language   1:29:52 Follow Dr. Deacon’s work!   -- Follow Dr. Deacon’s work: Faculty page: https://tinyurl.com/y83a3cov The Symbolic Species: https://tinyurl.com/yc3tv5du Incomplete Nature: https://tinyurl.com/y9mkubr4 -- A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, JUNOS, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JIM FRANK, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, AND HANS FREDRIK SUNDE! I also leave you with the link to a recent montage video I did with the interviews I have released until the end of June 2018: https://youtu.be/efdb18WdZUo And check out my playlists on: PSYCHOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/ybalf8km PHILOSOPHY: https://tinyurl.com/yb6a7d3p ANTHROPOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/y8b42r7g

------------------Support the channel------------ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thedissenter SubscribeStar: https://www.subscribestar.com/the-dissenter PayPal: paypal.me/thedissenter PayPal Subscription 1 Dollar: https://tinyurl.com/yb3acuuy PayPal Subscription 3 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/ybn6bg9l PayPal Subscription 5 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/ycmr9gpz PayPal Subscription 10 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/y9r3fc9m PayPal Subscription 20 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/y95uvkao ------------------Follow me on--------------------- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thedissenteryt/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheDissenterYT Anchor (podcast): https://anchor.fm/thedissenter O Dr. Carlos Fiolhais é Professor Catedrático de Física na Universidade de Coimbra. Foi professor convidado em universidades de Portugal, Brasil e Estados Unidos. É autor de mais de 30 livros de divulgação científica. Participou em inúmeros encontros, conferências e ações promovendo a ciência e a cultura científica. Criou o portal de ciência www.mocho.pt. Ganhou em 1994 o Prémio União Latina/JNICT de tradução científica. Ganhou o Globo de Ouro de Mérito e Excelência em Ciência de 2004 atribuído pela televisão SIC e pela revista Caras em 2005. Em 2017, ganhou o Grande Prémio Ciência Viva Montepio. Investiga Física da Matéria Condensada e Ensino e História das Ciências.  Neste episódio, fazemos um longo percurso desde os precursores e origens da revolução científica na Europa, nos séculos XVI e XVII, até aos grandes desenvolvimentos ao nível da Astronomia, da Física, da Química e da Biologia nos seus primórdios. Abordamos também a relação íntima entre filosofia e ciência, e como a filosofia está historicamente na base da ciência. Falamos também sobre vários dos critérios do método científico, incluindo a observação e recolha sistemática de dados, a formulação de hipóteses, a falsiabilidade dessas mesmas hipóteses e a revisão por pares. Finalmente, fazemos também referência à importância de distinguir ciência de pseudociência, e como essa distinção é uma marca de uma sociedade moderna, e quem não a faz pode criar muitos problemas, e aludimos ao facto de a ciência ser uma atividade humana comunitária que não se consegue construir individualmente. -- Sigam o trabalho do Dr. Carlos Fiolhais: Página da Universidade de Coimbra: https://bit.ly/2QeKq38 Livros (Wook): https://bit.ly/2wabbg8 Perfil no Researchgate: https://bit.ly/2Jwyx8q A Ciência e os Seus Inimigos: https://bit.ly/2VH0E6A -- A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JIM FRANK, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BRIAN RIVERA, ADRIANO ANDRADE, YEVHEN BODRENKO, SERGIU CODREANU, ADAM BJERRE, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK, AIRES ALMEIDA, BERNARDO SEIXAS, AND HERBERT GINTIS! A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY PRODUCERS, YZAR WEHBE and ROSEY!

------------------Support the channel------------ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thedissenter PayPal: paypal.me/thedissenter ------------------Follow me on--------------------- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thedissenteryt/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheDissenterYT Dr. Lee Ross is a Professor of Psychology at Stanford University and co-founder of the Stanford Center on Conflict and Negotiation. He’s been the recipient of several awards. The author of three influential books, Human Inference and the Person and the Situation (both with Richard Nisbett) and, more recently, The Wisest One in the Room (with Thomas Gilovich), and many highly cited papers. His research on attributional biases and shortcomings in human inference has exerted a major impact in social psychology and the field of human inference, judgment and decision-making. Among the phenomena he identified and has explored are the fundamental attribution error, the false consensus effect, reactive devaluation, the hostile media phenomenon, and the convictions of naïve realism.  In this episode, we cover the psychological phenomena that were the main targets of Dr. Ross’ academic research. These include: the fundamental attribution error; the just world phenomenon; cultural differences in how people apply the fundamental attribution error; naïve realism, the false consensus effect, and objectivity in the eye of the beholder; reactive devaluation in the case of trying to solve a problem between opposing human groups or political parties; and the possible ways to get around these human cognitive inclinations. Time Links: 01:14 The fundamental attribution error 05:49 The just world phenomenon            13:53 Cultural differences          15:25 Naïve realism       25:05 Reactive devaluation       28:17 How to establish bridges between opposing political parties and other human groups   35:13 Trying to find common ground 39:05 Follow Dr. Ross’ work!   -- Follow Dr. Ross’ work: Faculty page: https://tinyurl.com/y7yksdqs Articles on Researchgate: https://tinyurl.com/y8668uej Books: https://tinyurl.com/y7abt6sw The Wisest One in the Room: https://tinyurl.com/ycfukf2t -- A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, JUNOS, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JIM FRANK, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, AND HANS FREDRIK SUNDE! I also leave you with the link to a recent montage video I did with the interviews I have released until the end of June 2018: https://youtu.be/efdb18WdZUo And check out my playlists on: PSYCHOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/ybalf8km PHILOSOPHY: https://tinyurl.com/yb6a7d3p ANTHROPOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/y8b42r7g

------------------Support the channel------------ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thedissenter PayPal: paypal.me/thedissenter ------------------Follow me on--------------------- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thedissenteryt/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheDissenterYT Dr. Wendy Johnson is Professor of Psychology at the University of Edinburgh. She also holds the Chair in Differential Development in the University of Edinburgh's Department of Psychology and Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology. She is known for her research on human intelligence and personality. In 2004, the International Society for Intelligence Research honored her with its John B. Carroll Award for Research Methodology. In 2011, she received the American Psychological Association's Award for Distinguished Scientific Early Career Contributions to Psychology, in recognition of her work on the individual differences of intelligence and personality. Topics of her research include: structure of intelligence and personality, life-span development of intelligence and personality, health and aging, genetic and environmental transactions and their influence on behavior, intelligence, and personality. In this episode, we talk mostly about personality traits and IQ. Topics include: the Big Five, and other personality traits inventories; the reliability of personality measures; the many ways genetics and the environment interact to build up our psychology; how our psychological traits are polygenic (influences by several genes); the influences of parents and other aspects of the environment; the effects of IQ and personality in old age, and the long-term benefits of high IQ and certain personality traits, like conscientiousness.  Time Links: 01:22  Big Five and other personality inventories 06:09 The earliest point in life to measure personality           09:27 Are questionnaires and reports reliable?          14:31 The interplay between genetics and the environment       18:09 Studies with twins and adoptees       19:57 The trouble with identifying genes associated with psychological traits   22:56 Are genetic effects greater after people leave their parents’ house? 27:01 Rich vs impoverished environments, and their effects  30:51 Old age, mental health, and personality   33:33 The long-term benefits of high IQ 37:14 Intelligence and health 43:12 But intelligence is not the same as wisdom. We also need other traits. 47:55 Follow Dr. Johnson’s work!   -- Follow Dr. Johnson’s work: Faculty page: https://tinyurl.com/y8s5edrs Articles on Researchgate: https://tinyurl.com/yaujlfk8 -- A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, JUNOS, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JIM FRANK, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, AND HANS FREDRIK SUNDE! I also leave you with the link to a recent montage video I did with the interviews I have released until the end of June 2018: https://youtu.be/efdb18WdZUo And check out my playlists on: PSYCHOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/ybalf8km PHILOSOPHY: https://tinyurl.com/yb6a7d3p ANTHROPOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/y8b42r7g

------------------Support the channel------------ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thedissenter SubscribeStar: https://www.subscribestar.com/the-dissenter PayPal: paypal.me/thedissenter PayPal Subscription 1 Dollar: https://tinyurl.com/yb3acuuy PayPal Subscription 3 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/ybn6bg9l PayPal Subscription 5 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/ycmr9gpz PayPal Subscription 10 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/y9r3fc9m PayPal Subscription 20 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/y95uvkao ------------------Follow me on--------------------- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thedissenteryt/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheDissenterYT Anchor (podcast): https://anchor.fm/thedissenter Dr. Gordon Ingram is Associate Professor of Psychology at Universidad de los Andes, Colombia.  He teaches undergraduate courses in Developmental Psychology, Cyberpsychology, and Psychology of Language, and a graduate course in Cognition and Culture. He supervises several graduate students researching children’s social and moral development. His research centers on children’s and adolescents’ everyday communication online. In this episode, we first talk about children’s social development, with particular focus on how they develop/acquire norms and start caring about norm violation. In the second part, we discuss the emerging field of cyberpsychology, the differences between the virtual and the real worlds, and also cyberbullying. -- Follow Dr. Ingram’s work: The Evolution Institute profile: https://bit.ly/2VCdgwp Articles on Researchgate: https://bit.ly/2vbcyLb Academia.edu profile: https://bit.ly/2Vu6rfn Twitter handle: @gordoning Some relevant articles: Children’s Tattling: The Reporting of Everyday Norm Violations in Preschool Settings: https://bit.ly/2Jr1ClH Children’s Reporting of Peers’ Behaviour: https://bit.ly/2YwskNd Gossip: https://bit.ly/2Js5X8i Evolutionary Cyberpsychology 2.0: Revisiting Some Old Predictions and Posting Some New Ones in the Age of Facebook: https://bit.ly/2JtI8Nc -- A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JIM FRANK, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BRIAN RIVERA, ADRIANO ANDRADE, YEVHEN BODRENKO, SERGIU CODREANU, ADAM BJERRE, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK, AIRES ALMEIDA, BERNARDO SEIXAS, AND HERBERT GINTIS! A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY PRODUCERS, YZAR WEHBE and ROSEY!

------------------Support the channel------------ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thedissenter PayPal: paypal.me/thedissenter ------------------Follow me on--------------------- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thedissenteryt/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheDissenterYT Dr. Colin Holbrook is Assistant Professor of Cognitive and Information Sciences at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). He researches decision-making under contexts of threat, with particular focus on political orientation, group prejudice, and the representation of mental states. In this episode, we talk about threat detection; the relationship between threat and fight-or-flight responses; how threat instigates group prejudice; threat in the context of politics and warfare; religion and social cohesion; and the hyperactive agency detection device. Time Links: 00:36 How do people perceive threat? 04:38  Fight-or-flight responses           13:04 Threat at the individual and collective levels          17:19 In-group and out-group differences       23:00 Threat in the context of politics and warfare       33:25 Religion and threat salience    45:19 Religion and social cohesion 48:51 Perceiving agency and threat salience  53:27 Follow Dr. Holbrook’s work!   -- Follow Dr. Holbrook’s work: Faculty page: https://tinyurl.com/ybev97qp Personal website: http://cholbrook01.bol.ucla.edu/ Articles on Researchgate: https://tinyurl.com/y6vvu66d -- A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, JUNOS, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, MIGUEL ESTRADA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JIM FRANK, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORD, AND HANS FREDRIK SUNDE! I also leave you with the link to a recent montage video I did with the interviews I have released until the end of June 2018: https://youtu.be/efdb18WdZUo And check out my playlists on: PSYCHOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/ybalf8km PHILOSOPHY: https://tinyurl.com/yb6a7d3p ANTHROPOLOGY: https://tinyurl.com/y8b42r7g