

The Dissenter
Ricardo Lopes
My name is Ricardo Lopes, and I’m from Portugal. Thank you for visiting my podcast.
Over the past few years, I have conducted and released more than 900 interviews and talks with experts and academics from a variety of areas and disciplines, ranging from the Arts and Philosophy to the Social Sciences and Biology. You will certainly find a subject of your interest covered here.
New interviews are released on Mondays, Thursdays, and Fridays.
Over the past few years, I have conducted and released more than 900 interviews and talks with experts and academics from a variety of areas and disciplines, ranging from the Arts and Philosophy to the Social Sciences and Biology. You will certainly find a subject of your interest covered here.
New interviews are released on Mondays, Thursdays, and Fridays.
Episodes
Mentioned books

Oct 7, 2019 • 57min
#239 Abigail Page: Cooperative Breeding, Social Networks, And Health In The Agta
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Dr. Abigail Page is MRC Research Fellow at the Department of Population Health at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Her research is focused on understanding the relationship between the environment (both social and natural) and behavior, and ultimately how this influences health and wellbeing. Her background is in evolutionary approaches to human behavior (in particular Human Behavioral Ecology), therefore her research seeks to test hypotheses developed from evolutionary theory and ultimately, to understand the function of any given behavior. Dr. Page’s interests are also influenced by Evolutionary Medicine and Applied Evolutionary Anthropology and Demography.
In this episode, we talk about several aspects of human sociality from a human behavioral ecology perspective. We first discuss alloparenting, and the tole of fathers. We talk about what we can learn about human nature from traditional societies. We then get into studies Dr. Page did with the Agta, a population of Filipino hunter-gatherers, and particularly what happens when some of their groups adopt a more sedentary agriculture-based lifestyle, particularly in terms of health, fertility and demography. Finally, we talk about how we can use this knowledge to help isolated hunter-gatherer tribes to thrive.
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Follow Dr. Page’s work:
Faculty page: http://bit.ly/2GSuCzD
ResearchGate profile: http://bit.ly/2YQ8r3n
Relevant papers:
Alloparenting: http://bit.ly/2KlsvXy
Engagement in agricultural work is associated with reduced leisure time among Agta hunter-gatherers: http://bit.ly/2M621LE
Reproductive trade-offs in extant hunter-gatherers suggest adaptive mechanism for the Neolithic expansion: http://bit.ly/2KvCRTx
Why so many Agta boys? Explaining 'extreme' sex ratios in Philippine foragers: http://bit.ly/2GSV2kX
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A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORDE, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BRIAN RIVERA, ADRIANO ANDRADE, YEVHEN BODRENKO, SERGIU CODREANU, ADAM BJERRE, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK, AIRES ALMEIDA, BERNARDO SEIXAS, HERBERT GINTIS, RUTGER VOS, RICARDO VLADIMIRO, BO WINEGARD, JOHN CONNORS, ADAM KESSEL, AND VEGA GIDEY!
A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY PRODUCERS, YZAR WEHBE, ROSEY, AND JIM FRANK!

Oct 4, 2019 • 1h 1min
#238 Elizabeth Hill: Life History Theory, Development, And Risky Behavior
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Dr. Elizabeth Hill is Professor of Psychology at the University of Detroit Mercy. Dr. Hill received her Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology from Tulane University. She teaches courses in research methods, statistics, biopsychology, and gender differences. Her primary areas of research interest and activity focus on evolutionary and comparative psychology. She has investigated the interaction between biological and environmental factors in risk-taking behavior. In this research, she used evolutionary theory related to parental investment and life history strategies to conceptualize environmental factors, especially the impact of an unpredictable family environment. The areas of impulsivity, risky drinking and risk taking have been of most interest. She joined the University of Detroit Mercy faculty in 1997 and holds the position of Professor of Psychology. Hill also serves as the chair of the Detroit Mercy Institutional Review Board (IRB).
In this episode, we talk about life history theory, its application to humans, and understanding the development of risky behavior. Firs, Dr. Hill tells us what life history theory is about, and issue with individual differences in how people are susceptible to different environments. Then, we get into what are unpredictable environments, and the development of risky behavior.
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Follow Dr. Hill’s work:
Faculty page: http://bit.ly/33lFf7N
ResearchGate profile: http://bit.ly/2yNYJEc
Human Behavior and Evolution Society (HBES): https://www.hbes.com/
Relevant papers/links:
The Family Unpredictability Scale: Reliability and Validity: http://bit.ly/2ON9qlg
Lisa Thomson Ross: http://bit.ly/31wRxsp
Teresa Sousa Machado: http://bit.ly/2KpLekJ
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A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORDE, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BRIAN RIVERA, ADRIANO ANDRADE, YEVHEN BODRENKO, SERGIU CODREANU, ADAM BJERRE, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK, AIRES ALMEIDA, BERNARDO SEIXAS, HERBERT GINTIS, RUTGER VOS, RICARDO VLADIMIRO, BO WINEGARD, JOHN CONNORS, ADAM KESSEL, AND VEGA GIDEY!
A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY PRODUCERS, YZAR WEHBE, ROSEY, AND JIM FRANK!

Oct 3, 2019 • 1h 52min
#237 Herbert Gintis: Altruism And Self-interest, As Revealed Through Game Theory
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Dr. Herbert Gintis is External Professor at the Santa Fe Institute. He and Professor Robert Boyd (Anthropology, UCLA) headed a multidisciplinary research project that models such behaviors as empathy, reciprocity, insider/outsider behavior, vengefulness, and other observed human behaviors not well handled by the traditional model of the self-regarding agent. Professor Gintis is also author of several books including Game Theory Evolving, The Bounds of Reason, A Cooperative Species, Game Theory in Action, and Individuality and Entanglement and also coeditor, with Joe Henrich, Robert Boyd, Samuel Bowles, Colin Camerer, and Ernst Fehr, of Foundations of Human Sociality: Economic Experiments and Ethnographic Evidence from Fifteen Small-scale Societies, and with Samuel Bowles, Robert Boyd and Ernst Fehr of Moral Sentiments and Material Interests: On the Foundations of Cooperation in Economic Life.
This interview is based on Chapter 3 (Game Theory and Human Behavior) of The Bounds of Reason: Game Theory and the Unification of the Behavioral Sciences.
In this episode, we talk about altruism and self-interest, as revealed through lab and field studies of human behavior. First, we discuss what is rationality, the literature on human biases and heuristics and why that does not show that humans are irrational. We talk about the difference between self-interested and self-regarding behavior. Then, we get into how we can use game theory to study human sociality, and the aspects of it we can learn about through different game designs, like the Prisoner’s Dilemma, the Public Goods Game, and the Ultimatum Game. Finally, we talk about how we can make sense of the interplay between people’s social dynamics and their culture; the phenomenon of gene-culture coevolution; and the role cultural group selection might have played in the evolution of certain aspects of our sociality, like altruism and strong reciprocity.
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Follow Dr. Gintis’ work:
Personal Website: https://people.umass.edu/gintis/
Books: https://tinyurl.com/y6ot643p
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A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORDE, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BRIAN RIVERA, ADRIANO ANDRADE, YEVHEN BODRENKO, SERGIU CODREANU, ADAM BJERRE, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK, AIRES ALMEIDA, BERNARDO SEIXAS, HERBERT GINTIS, RUTGER VOS, RICARDO VLADIMIRO, BO WINEGARD, JOHN CONNORS, ADAM KESSEL, AND VEGA GIDEY!
A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY PRODUCERS, YZAR WEHBE, ROSEY, AND JIM FRANK!

Sep 27, 2019 • 1h 2min
#235 RoundTable 1: What is PsychTable? ft. Daniel Glass & Niruban Balachandran
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Dr. Daniel Glass is a clinician and researcher in the disciplines of evolutionary and clinical psychology. He has published sixteen peer-reviewed scholarly articles in the fields of psychology, medicine, and evolutionary studies, on subjects ranging from human emotions to peer bullying/victimization to Alzheimer’s disease. He received his doctorate in clinical psychology from Suffolk University and is currently a postdoctoral fellow at a private practice in Connecticut. His dissertation is on the emotional processing function of dreaming.
Mr. Niruban Balachandran was a winner of the World Bank's Innovation Challenge Prize and the International Society for Human Ethology's Linda Mealey Award. He is widely published in scholarly journals and print media, and is a frequently-invited speaker at international conferences. He is a Master of Public Administration (MPA) graduate of Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government, as well as a Bachelor of psychology graduate from Rutgers. He was also a member of the Harvard Behavioral Insights Group.
They are both project co-leaders of PsychTable.
This is a new series that we are trying to start on my channel/podcast, which will be called “RoundTable”, and where we will be having conversations with people involving the theoretical foundations of PsychTable, including people that are working on different Evolved Psychological Adaptations (EPAs).
In this first episode, we talk about what PsychTable is about, and how it will be built. We discuss the criteria used to classify something as an EPA; the kinds of EPAs that would be considered (including cultural and group-level EPAs); who would be able to access it, and how the evidence would be weighted; and who would benefit from it, and in what ways. We also talk a bit about the relationship between psychological adaptations and mental modules.
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Follow their work:
Dan and Niruban’s personal info: http://bit.ly/2M2meSr
PsychTable: https://www.psychtable.org/
Support PsychTable (GoFundMe): http://bit.ly/33fvKqB
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A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORDE, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BRIAN RIVERA, ADRIANO ANDRADE, YEVHEN BODRENKO, SERGIU CODREANU, ADAM BJERRE, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK, AIRES ALMEIDA, BERNARDO SEIXAS, HERBERT GINTIS, RUTGER VOS, RICARDO VLADIMIRO, BO WINEGARD, JOHN CONNORS, ADAM KESSEL, AND VEGA GIDEY!
A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY PRODUCERS, YZAR WEHBE, ROSEY, AND JIM FRANK!

Sep 26, 2019 • 55min
#234 Samir Okasha: Natural Selection, From Genes To Groups
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Dr. Samir Okasha is a Professor of Philosophy of Science at the University of Bristol. He is a winner of the Lakatos Award for his book Evolution and the Levels of Selection. He was appointed a Fellow of the British Academy in 2018, and he is also the President of the European Philosophy of Science Association. He has broad philosophical interests, though most of his research falls into two main areas: (i) philosophy of biology / evolutionary theory; and (ii) epistemology /philosophy of science. Within philosophy of biology, he is especially interested in foundational and conceptual questions surrounding evolutionary theory. For many years, his research focused on the 'levels of selection' question in evolutionary biology, and the related issue of individual versus group conflicts of interest.
In this episode, the main focus of our conversation is on philosophy of biology, and the levels of selection in evolutionary theory. We first discuss the several ways to think about levels of selection. We talk about the issue with group selection, the evolution of altruism, and multi-level selection theory. We also refer to the gene’s-eye view, and what it is about. We discuss the extended evolutionary synthesis, and non-genetic inheritance mechanisms like cultural evolution and epigenetics. Toward the end, we also briefly talk about the usefulness (or lack thereof) of a species-level selection perspective.
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Follow Dr. Okasha’s work:
Faculty page: http://bit.ly/2YExNoP
Scientific contributions on Researchgate: http://bit.ly/2ODYMgu
Books on Amazon: https://amzn.to/2OBUXsi
Evolution and the Levels of Selection: https://amzn.to/2OKInGW
Agents and Goals in Evolution: https://amzn.to/2OAvG1o
Philosophy of Biology: A Very Short Introduction (upcoming): https://amzn.to/2MAq8S3
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A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORDE, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BRIAN RIVERA, ADRIANO ANDRADE, YEVHEN BODRENKO, SERGIU CODREANU, ADAM BJERRE, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK, AIRES ALMEIDA, BERNARDO SEIXAS, HERBERT GINTIS, RUTGER VOS, RICARDO VLADIMIRO, BO WINEGARD, JOHN CONNORS, AND ADAM KESSEL!
A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY PRODUCERS, YZAR WEHBE, ROSEY, AND JIM FRANK!

Sep 23, 2019 • 1h 10min
#233 Randolph Nesse: Good Reasons for Bad Feelings
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Dr. Randolph Nesse is Foundation Professor of Life Sciences and Founding Director in The Center for Evolution and Medicine at Arizona State University, Professor Emeritus in the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology and the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan, and Founding President of the International Society for Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health. He was the initial organizer and second president of the Human Behavior and Evolution Society, and is currently the president of the International Society for Evolution, Medicine & Public Health. He is a Distinguished Life Fellow of the American Psychiatric Association, a Fellow of the Association for Psychological Sciences, and an elected Fellow of the AAAS (American Association for the Advancement of Science). He’s also the author of several books, including Why We Get Sick (coauthored with George C. Williams) and, more recently, Good Reasons for Bad Feelings (2019).
In this episode, we focus mostly on Dr. Nesse’s most recent book. We first talk about the field of Evolutionary Medicine, and refer specifically to phenomena like antagonistic pleiotropy and aging, evolutionary mismatch and modern disease, and if we should approach diseases as adaptations. We then move on to discussing issues in Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology; the classification of mental disorders; studying emotions from an evolutionary perspective; and the Smoke Detector Principle. We talk about depression, and how we haven’t evolved to feel good or experience wellbeing. In the latter part of the interview, we discuss Psychoanalysis and the self-defense mechanisms, and also if people can benefit from learning about how their minds operate, from an evolutionary standpoint.
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Follow Dr. Nesse’s work:
Faculty page: http://bit.ly/2GEaNMi
Personal website: http://bit.ly/2ypzUyf
Website for Good Reasons for Bad Feelings: http://bit.ly/331I9hZ
Good Reasons for Bad Feelings: Insights from the Frontier of Evolutionary Psychiatry: https://amzn.to/2GBYQXA
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A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORDE, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BRIAN RIVERA, ADRIANO ANDRADE, YEVHEN BODRENKO, SERGIU CODREANU, ADAM BJERRE, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK, AIRES ALMEIDA, BERNARDO SEIXAS, HERBERT GINTIS, RUTGER VOS, RICARDO VLADIMIRO, BO WINEGARD, JOHN CONNORS, AND ADAM KESSEL!
A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY PRODUCERS, YZAR WEHBE, ROSEY, AND JIM FRANK!

Sep 20, 2019 • 1h 22min
#232 Glenn Geher: Positive Evolutionary Psychology, Darwin's Guide to Living a Richer Life
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RECORDED ON AUGUST 30TH, 2019.
Dr. Glenn Geher is Professor of Psychology at the State University of New York at New Paltz where he has been awarded SUNY Chancellor Awards for Excellence for both Teaching and Research. In addition to teaching various courses and directing the New Paltz Evolutionary Psychology Lab, Dr. Geher serves as founding director of the campus’ Evolutionary Studies (EvoS) program. He is also credited as the founder of the NorthEastern Evolutionary Psychology Society (NEEPS). He has also published several books including Evolutionary Psychology 101, Mating Intelligence Unleashed: The Role of the Mind in Sex, Dating, and Love, and Straightforward Statistics. In Darwin's Subterranean World: Evolution, Mind, and Mating Intelligence, his Psychology Today blog, Dr. Geher addresses various topics related to the human condition. He has recently released a new book, Positive Evolutionary Psychology: Darwin's Guide to Living a Richer Life.
In this episode, we focus on Dr. Geher’s recent book, Positive Evolutionary Psychology. We talk about the history and the topics of interest of the field of Positive Psychology, and what Evolutionary Psychology adds to the picture. We address a potential criticism, having to do with Positive Evolutionary Psychology being a scientific field with a moral goal. Then we get into the nitty-gritty of the thesis of the book, and talk about the importance of integrating the negative aspects of our psychology; considering individual differences; the issue of evolutionary mismatch; politics; religion; our evolved morality, and how we can expand our moral circles; and the literature on estrangements and the importance of making amends. Dr. Geher leaves us with some remarks on the nefarious aspects of modern technology.
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Buy the book!
Oxford University Press: http://bit.ly/2LWKiGf
Amazon: https://amzn.to/2Zu5Tx9
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A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORDE, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BRIAN RIVERA, ADRIANO ANDRADE, YEVHEN BODRENKO, SERGIU CODREANU, ADAM BJERRE, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK, AIRES ALMEIDA, BERNARDO SEIXAS, HERBERT GINTIS, RUTGER VOS, RICARDO VLADIMIRO, BO WINEGARD, JOHN CONNORS, ADAM KESSEL, VEGA GIDEY, AND CRAIG HEALY!
A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY PRODUCERS, YZAR WEHBE, ROSEY, AND JIM FRANK!

Sep 19, 2019 • 1h 1min
#231 Carlton Patrick: From Disgust To Legal Systems
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Dr. Carlton Patrick is Assistant Professor of Legal Studies at the College of Community, Innovation and Education at the University of Central Florida. Dr. Patrick studies the psychology of legal decision-making, often from an evolutionary perspective. His research combines doctrinal legal analysis with the methodologies and perspectives of the behavioral sciences to examine the roots of human behavior in legally-relevant contexts. He is the coauthor, together with Debra Lieberman, of the book Objection: Disgust, Morality, and the Law.
This is the second episode where I talk about the book Objection: Disgust Morality, and the Law. The first one was with the other coauthor, Dr. Debra Lieberman (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F7KCXBPvRlg).
In this episode, we talk about the legal aspects of the book. First, Dr. Patrick tells us about his take of the evolved domains of disgust – pathogen, sexual, and moral. We then talk about how we formulate laws based on disgust, or how we go from “gross” to “wrong”. We also discuss the important distinction between laws and social norms. We get into the very contentious discussion about if legal systems are moral. Dr. Patrick gives a few examples of legal areas that are influenced by disgust, like obscenity and sexual relationships. We finally explore if disgust should be used as a criterion to create laws, and also if jurors and judges should be exposed to evidential material that triggers disgust.
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Follow Dr. Patrick’s work:
Faculty page: http://bit.ly/32XZ9FK
SSRN profile: http://bit.ly/2YtrekJ
Objection: Disgust, Morality, and the Law: https://amzn.to/2GDMKgN
Interview w/ Dr. Debra Lieberman, “Disgust, Morality, and the Law”: http://bit.ly/2KftkzE
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A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORDE, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BRIAN RIVERA, ADRIANO ANDRADE, YEVHEN BODRENKO, SERGIU CODREANU, ADAM BJERRE, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK, AIRES ALMEIDA, BERNARDO SEIXAS, HERBERT GINTIS, RUTGER VOS, RICARDO VLADIMIRO, BO WINEGARD, JOHN CONNORS, AND ADAM KESSEL!
A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY PRODUCERS, YZAR WEHBE, ROSEY, AND JIM FRANK!

Sep 16, 2019 • 58min
#230 Rutger Vos: Natural Selection, Human Behavior, Race, And Adaptations
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Dr. Rutger Vos is an evolutionary biologist from Leiden University and the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, both in The Netherlands. He does work in computational biology and contributes to various open source software projects.
In this episode, we talk about some general topics in evolutionary biology. We first discuss the basic ingredients we need to have evolution by natural selection, and the mechanisms associated with it. We refer to some of the issues about the “extended evolutionary synthesis”, as proposed by some biologists. We then talk about the interplay between culture and biology in humans, and why human behavior is more complex than the behavior of other species. We also discuss the issues surrounding the concept of “race”, and how to properly think about human variation. Finally, we talk about how we can know that a trait is an adaptation in evolutionary biology.
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Follow Dr. Vos’ work:
Naturalis Biodiversity Center Personal Page: http://bit.ly/2LHRo1n
Naturalis Biodiversity Page: http://bit.ly/2YloLsA
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A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, SCIMED, PER HELGE HAAKSTD LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, RUI BELEZA, ANTÓNIO CUNHA, CHANTEL GELINAS, JERRY MULLER, FRANCIS FORDE, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BRIAN RIVERA, ADRIANO ANDRADE, YEVHEN BODRENKO, SERGIU CODREANU, ADAM BJERRE, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK, AIRES ALMEIDA, BERNARDO SEIXAS, HERBERT GINTIS, RUTGER VOS, RICARDO VLADIMIRO, BO WINEGARD, JOHN CONNORS, AND ADAM KESSEL!
A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY PRODUCERS, YZAR WEHBE, ROSEY, AND JIM FRANK!

Sep 13, 2019 • 1h 12min
#229 Steven Hayes: A Liberated Mind; Relational Frame Theory And Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
Dr. Steven C. Hayes, a leading figure in psychology and the co-founder of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, explores fascinating concepts in human cognition. He discusses how evolutionary science reshapes psychological practices and the role of epigenetics in behavior and therapy. Hayes critiques traditional behavioral genetics and highlights the transformative potential of Relational Frame Theory. He advocates for a values-driven approach in therapy, addressing societal issues affecting mental health, and emphasizes empathy and community cooperation as pathways to resilience.


