JAMA Health Forum Conversations

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools in health care and public health can bring efficiency and new approaches that might improve health. These tools may also have implications for health equity. Kevin Johnson, MD, MS, of the University of Pennsylvania joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss the opportunities and challenges of AI in health care and public health. Related Content: Keeping Health Equity at the Forefront of the Artificial Intelligence Revolution in Medicine and Health

How do we better deploy market-based solutions to improve health care in the US? Lanhee Chen, PhD, of Stanford University joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss how market-based approaches can complement public strategies to create a health care system that is more adaptive, responsive, and fiscally sustainable. Related Content: A Role for Market Forces in US Health Care—Principles and Guardrails

Pharmaceuticals are a central—and costly—element of the US health care system. Aaron S. Kesselheim, MD, JD, MPH, of Brigham and Women's Hospital joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss the challenge and opportunity of delivering affordable drugs to as many people as possible. Related Content: In Search of Pharmaceutical Policy Innovation in the US

Robert Phillips, MD, MSPH, is the Executive Director of the American Board of Family Medicine, specializing in primary care policy. He discusses the underinvestment in primary care and the burden of EHRs. Phillips explores the complexities of treating multimorbidity and the need for technology like ambient AI to alleviate burnout. He emphasizes the importance of integrating behavioral health and the necessity of training clinicians in rural settings. Lastly, he shares optimism about state-level innovations improving primary care access and funding.

There is abundant evidence that sexual minority groups have worse health indicators than sexual majority groups. Gilbert Gonzales, PhD, MHA, of Vanderbilt University Medical Center joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss the current policy landscape and its potential impact on the health of LGBTQ+ populations. Related Content: Health Implications of Recent Policy Changes Affecting LGBTQ+ Populations

Both sex- and gender-based factors influence the health of women. A fully realized population health agenda needs to center women's health as an area of conceptual and pragmatic focus. Rosa M Gonzalez-Guarda, PhD, MPH, RN, joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss women's health, inequities, and how women's many and different identities shape their health. Related Content: The Consequences of Selective Defunding of Health-Relevant Research Areas

Ruth Shim, a leading expert in cultural psychiatry from UC Davis, joins the conversation on the urgent need for mental health reform in the US. They delve into the alarming rise in depression and anxiety, highlighting systemic inequalities and access challenges. The discussion emphasizes integrating mental health into primary care and the transformative impact of telehealth, particularly post-pandemic. Shim advocates for comprehensive policies that improve care for marginalized populations, underscoring the importance of community support and addressing social determinants of health.

The second Trump administration launched several actions in 2025 that directly affect the health of populations. Sara Bleich, PhD, of Harvard Chan School of Public Health joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss the nonhealth policies that may matter most to health and warrant ever-more attention, particularly in a moment of policy turbulence. Related Content: The Health Consequences of Nonhealth Policies in a Time of Policy Disruption

The evolution of artificial intelligence technology has outstripped most health policy oversight in the US. Michelle M. Mello, JD, PhD, Professor of Law and Professor of Health Policy at Stanford University, discusses this and more with JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH. Related Content: Inaction on Artificial Intelligence Regulation in a Time of Upheaval

The US is an outlier in health system performance, spending more than other peer countries while performing worse. US economist David Cutler, who is the Otto Eckstein Professor of Applied Economics at Harvard University, discusses this and more with JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH. Related Content: On Making US Health Care Great and Affordable