Consumer Finance Monitor

Step into the intersection of consumer finance law and the solar energy industry with host Alan Kaplinsky, senior counsel at Ballard Spahr, and special guest Steven Burt, attorney and former public policy leader at major residential solar companies. In this episode, listeners will get an insider's look at today's solar landscape. Discover the key market segments, from utility-scale projects to commercial installations, community solar, and residential rooftop systems. Explore how recent shifts in federal policy under the Trump administration have changed energy priorities, from cancelling critical programs and phasing out residential solar tax credits, to redirecting support toward fossil fuels. Learn why understanding new requirements around foreign entities of concern (FEOC) is now urgent for companies relying on global supply chains. Benefit from practical legal insights covering consumer financial services law, such as FICO checks, leasing regulations, and credit disclosures, and see how these shape the way solar powers American homes. Despite evolving policy headwinds, the outlook for solar remains strong. Hear expert perspectives on state-level hotspots like California and Texas, emerging trends such as net metering reforms and battery storage, and the growing role of "virtual power plant" models that are reshaping residential solar's future. Consumer Finance Monitor is hosted by Alan Kaplinsky, Senior Counsel at Ballard Spahr, and the founder and former chair of the firm's Consumer Financial Services Group. We encourage listeners to subscribe to the podcast on their preferred platform for weekly insights into developments in the consumer finance industry.

John Culhane Jr., seasoned fair lending lawyer; Richard Andreano Jr., mortgage compliance leader; Bradley Blower, AI and fair lending policy advisor. They unpack shifting disparate impact standards, litigation over HUD rules, appraisal bias, the stalled small-business data rule, and rising AI governance challenges. Short, sharp takes on state enforcement, de-banking concerns, and practical compliance priorities for lenders.

John Culhane Jr., veteran fair lending lawyer and former government attorney. Richard Andreano Jr., mortgage banking and fair lending leader with decades of experience. Brad Blower, housing policy advisor focused on fair lending and compliant AI use. They discuss major Trump 2.0 shifts in fair lending policy, the move from statistical to intent-based redlining probes, states filling enforcement gaps, and how AI and Reg B changes could reshape compliance.

Today's podcast features the second part of a recent webinar produced on September 24, 2025, titled: "A New Era for Banking: What President Trump's Debanking Executive Order and Related State Laws Mean for Financial Institutions, Government, and Banking Customers." In Part 2, we discuss the following topics: 1. What are the areas of uncertainty with respect to the Executive Order, including: · Defining an "unlawful business" or "religion and why those definitions are important. · What regulator or regulators will issue regulations or other guidance? 2. What is the role of the Small Business Administration ("SBA") 3. Intersection with AML/BSA 4. Intersection with state debanking statutes and experience of the states 5. Pending Federal legislation 6. What should financial institutions be doing now to prepare for regulator review? 7. Is the Executive Order good or bad policy? 8. Is there a proven need for the Executive Order? Is there any empirical evidence of need based on complaints submitted to states with debanking statutes, SBA or other federal banking prudential regulators or is it all anecdotal? Our presenters, who hold diverse views on the wisdom of the Executive Order, are: · Jason Mikula Founder and Publisher, Fintech Business Weekly Jason Mikula is an independent fintech and banking advisor, consultant, and investor. He also publishes Fintech Business Weekly, a newsletter analyzing trends in banking and fintech. He opposes the Executive Order. · Brian Knight Senior Counsel, Corporate Engagement, Alliance Defending Freedom Brian Knight serves as Senior Counsel on the Corporate Engagement Team at Alliance Defending Freedom. His work focuses on issues of financial access, debanking, and preventing the politicization of financial services. He opposes the Executive Order. · Todd Phillips Assistant Professor of Law, J. Mack Robinson College of Business, Georgia State University Todd Phillips is an assistant professor of law at Georgia State University. His areas of expertise include bank capital and prudential regulation, deposit insurance, and the laws governing federal regulators. He opposes the Executive Order. · Will Hild Executive Director, Consumers' Research Will Hild is the Executive Director of Consumers' Research, the nation's oldest consumer protection organization. He has led efforts to combat ESG and what he considers "woke capitalism," including launching the Consumers First campaign. He supports the Executive Order. · Graham Steele Assistant Secretary for Financial Institutions, U.S. Department of the Treasury Graham Steele serves as the Assistant Secretary for Financial Institutions at the U.S. Department of the Treasury. He is an expert on financial regulation and financial institutions, with over a decade of experience working at the highest levels of law and policy in Washington, D.C. He opposes the Executive Order. Alan Kaplinsky, the founder and first practice group leader and now Senior Counsel of the Consumer Financial Services Group at our firm, moderated the webinar. We released Part 1of this webinar on October 30, 2025

Today's podcast features the first part of a recent webinar produced on September 24, 2025, titled: "A New Era for Banking: What President Trump's Debanking Executive Order and Related State Laws Mean for Financial Institutions, Government, and Banking Customers." In Part 1, we discuss the following topics: 1. History of Debanking, including: o Operation Chokepoint: An initiative by federal prudential banking regulators during the Obama administration aimed at discouraging banks supervised by them from providing services to companies engaged in payday lending. o OCC Final Regulation on Debanking: Issued by Acting Comptroller Brian Brooks toward the end of President Trump's first term, this regulation applied only to the largest banks in the country. It was sent to the Federal Register but never published and, therefore, never became effective. 2. Elements and Scope of the Debanking Executive Order 3. Statutory Authority (or Lack Thereof) of the Executive Order, which was largely based on the unfairness prongs of UDAAP and UDAP, even though a federal district court in Alabama held a few years ago that such unfairness prongs do not cover discrimination. Our presenters, who hold diverse views on the wisdom of the Executive Order, are: · Jason Mikula Founder and Publisher, Fintech Business Weekly Jason Mikula is an independent fintech and banking advisor, consultant, and investor. He also publishes Fintech Business Weekly, a newsletter analyzing trends in banking and fintech. He opposes the Executive Order. · Brian Knight Senior Counsel, Corporate Engagement, Alliance Defending Freedom Brian Knight serves as Senior Counsel on the Corporate Engagement Team at Alliance Defending Freedom. His work focuses on issues of financial access, debanking, and preventing the politicization of financial services. He opposes the Executive Order. · Todd Phillips Assistant Professor of Law, J. Mack Robinson College of Business, Georgia State University Todd Phillips is an assistant professor of law at Georgia State University. His areas of expertise include bank capital and prudential regulation, deposit insurance, and the laws governing federal regulators. He opposes the Executive Order. · Will Hild Executive Director, Consumers' Research Will Hild is the Executive Director of Consumers' Research, the nation's oldest consumer protection organization. He has led efforts to combat ESG and what he considers "woke capitalism," including launching the Consumers First campaign. He supports the Executive Order. · Graham Steele Assistant Secretary for Financial Institutions, U.S. Department of the Treasury Graham Steele serves as the Assistant Secretary for Financial Institutions at the U.S. Department of the Treasury. He is an expert on financial regulation and financial institutions, with over a decade of experience working at the highest levels of law and policy in Washington, D.C. He opposes the Executive Order. Alan Kaplinsky, the founder and first practice group leader and now Senior Counsel of the Consumer Financial Services Group at our firm, moderated the webinar. We will be releasing Part 2 of this webinar on November 6, 2025.

Today's podcast features the second part of a repurposed webinar produced on September 3, 2025, which dives into the legal risks, compliance challenges, and emerging constitutional questions stemming from the GENIUS Act. The conversation examines the strict prohibition of deceptive claims regarding federal backing or insurance for stablecoins, highlighting the significant civil liabilities and penalty provisions attached to violations. Art Wilmarth delves deeply into areas such as federal preemption of state laws, consumer protections, and the power dynamics introduced by big tech and non-bank entities in the stablecoin market. Richard Rosenthal outlines the importance of building cross-functional teams, updating risk taxonomies, and adapting existing safety and soundness frameworks to the new environment presented by stablecoins. Peter Jaslow highlights legal risks for stablecoin issuers, such as the lack of explicit federal insurance, the reliance on monthly attestations of reserves, complex issues surrounding redemption policies, and significant civil and criminal penalties for non-compliance. The speakers articulate the importance of rigorous compliance frameworks and the critical role finance teams will play in adapting to the new regulatory demands. Additionally, there is emphasis on the GENIUS Act's consumer protection priorities and its alignment with administration policy objectives. This episode also explores the business model impact of the GENIUS Act, discussing the growing demand for stablecoin and tokenized deposit solutions, and how institutions might leverage these technologies for treasury management and cross-border payments. Panelists provide perspectives on how innovation is being fostered, the implications for privately-held stablecoins, and the ways the GENIUS Act reflects the desires of the crypto industry. This session offers a holistic look at both the challenges and opportunities that financial institutions must consider as regulatory and market landscapes evolve. Consumer Finance Monitor is hosted by Alan Kaplinsky, Senior Counsel at Ballard Spahr, and the founder and former chair of the firm's Consumer Financial Services Group. We encourage listeners to subscribe to the podcast on their preferred platform for weekly insights into developments in the consumer finance industry.

Richard Rosenthal, Deloitte risk lead on digital assets who focuses on banking regulation. Art Wilmarth, GWU law professor emeritus known for critical legal analysis of banking rules. Peter Jaslow, Ballard Spahr blockchain practice co-leader who explains key provisions. They unpack the GENIUS Act definitions, issuer pathways, reserve and redemption rules, compliance timelines, federal versus state jurisdiction, and constitutional and enforcement risks.

We are pleased to share a new podcast episode, which was taken from our September 9, 2025, webinar featuring Malini Mithal, Associate Director of the Federal Trade Commission's Division of Financial Practices. Malini has been a valued guest on our podcast in past years, and this session provided another timely and insightful discussion. In today's episode she gives her thoughts on the FTC's recent non-antitrust consumer protection initiatives. Major Key Topics Discussed 1. Fintech oversight – Malini began with FTC activity involving fintechs, particularly companies promoting faster access to cash, and addressed related lending and payments cases. 2. Subscription practices under ROSCA – She highlighted the FTC's enforcement of the Restore Online Confidence Shoppers Act, including lawsuits against Uber and LA Fitness and a settlement with Match. 3. Unfair and Deceptive Fees Rule – Effective May 12, 2025, this rule bans bait-and-switch pricing and hidden fees in industries such as live-event ticketing and short-term lodging. Malini explained how these practices harm consumers and distort competition. 4. Auto finance transparency – Another area of focus for the FTC, reflecting the agency's broader emphasis on price transparency. 5. Debt collection, debt relief, and credit repair – Malini reviewed recent FTC enforcement activity in these high-risk sectors. 6. Crypto platforms – She concluded with a discussion of the FTC's work addressing crypto platforms that market banking-like services to consumers. After Malini left the webinar, John Culhane, a partner in our Consumer Financial Services Group, provided an update on developments at the FTC in terms of budget and staffing and the ongoing litigation challenging the Trump Administration's removal of two Democratic FTC Commissioners without cause and then discussed areas where we expect to see more FTC "regulation by enforcement" activity. Consumer Finance Monitor is hosted by Alan Kaplinsky, Senior Counsel at Ballard Spahr, and the founder and former chair of the firm's Consumer Financial Services Group. We encourage listeners to subscribe to the podcast on their preferred platform for weekly insights into developments in the consumer finance industry.

The podcast show we are releasing today is a repurposing of part 2 of a webinar we produced on August 13, 2025, which explored the U.S. Supreme Court's pivotal 6-3 decision in Trump v. CASA, Inc., a ruling that significantly curtails the use of nationwide or "universal" injunctions. A universal injunction is one which confers benefits on non-parties to the lawsuit. This case marks a turning point in federal court jurisprudence, with profound implications for equitable relief, national policy, and governance. Our distinguished panel of legal scholars, Suzette Malveaux (Roger D. Groot Professor of Law, Washington and Lee University School of Law), Portia Pedro (Associate Professor of Law, Boston University School of Law), and Alan Trammell (Professor of Law, Washington and Lee University School of Law) are joined by experienced litigators Alan Kaplinsky, Carter G. Phillips (Former Assistant to the Solicitor General of the United States & Partner, Sidley Austin LLP), and Burt M. Rublin (Senior Counsel and Appellate Group Practice Leader, Ballard Spahr LLP). These panelists dive deep into the Court's decision, unpacking its historical foundation, analyzing the majority, concurring, and dissenting opinions, and evaluating its far-reaching effects on all stakeholders, including industry groups, trade associations, federal agencies, the judiciary, the executive branch, and everyday citizens. This podcast show and the one we released last Thursday, September 25, cover these critical topics: · The originalist and historical reasoning behind the Court's rejection of universal injunctions · A detailed analysis of the majority, concurring, and dissenting opinions · The ruling's impact on legal challenges to federal statutes, regulations, and executive orders · The potential role of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 23(a) and 23(b)(2) class actions as alternatives to universal injunctions, including the status of the CASA case and other cases where plaintiffs have pursued class actions · The use of Section 706 of the Administrative Procedure Act (the "APA") to "set aside" or "vacate" unlawful regulations and Section 705 of the APA to seek stays of regulation effective dates · The viability of associational standing for trade groups challenging regulations on behalf of their members · The ruling's influence on forum selection and judicial assignment strategies, including "judge-shopping" · The Supreme Court's increasing use of its emergency or "shadow" docket, rather than its conventional certiorari docket, to render extraordinarily important opinions This is a unique opportunity to hear from leading experts as they break down one of the most consequential and controversial Supreme Court decisions of this Supreme Court Term. These podcast shows will provide you with valuable insights into how this ruling reshapes the legal landscape. Consumer Finance Monitor is hosted by Alan Kaplinsky, Senior Counsel at Ballard Spahr, and the founder and former chair of the firm's Consumer Financial Services Group. We encourage listeners to subscribe to the podcast on their preferred platform for weekly insights into developments in the consumer finance industry.

As our regular podcast listeners know, we ordinarily release a new regular podcast show once each week on Thursday. On a very few occasions, we have released a special extra podcast show during the same week. We have only done that when a development occurs which we feel is of extraordinary importance and time sensitive. On September 22, the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit issued its unanimous opinion in Conti v. Citizens Bank, N.A. in which it held, in the context of a motion to dismiss a putative class action alleging that the Bank failed to pay interest on mortgage escrow accounts in violation of a Rhode Island statute which requires the payment of interest on mortgage escrow accounts, that the National Bank Act does not preempt the Rhode Island statute. The Bank had argued that the National Bank Act preempts the Rhode Island statute and that, as such, it was not required to pay any interest on mortgage escrow accounts. The District Court had also held that such Rhode Island statute was preempted. See our recently published blog about The First Circuit Opinion in Conti. While the Conti case involves the narrow question described above, the implications of the opinion are sweeping in nature and will require national banks to comply with a vast litany of state consumer protection laws throughout the country which may no longer be preempted by the National Bank Act. Since 2004, the OCC has had a regulation which expressly purports to preempt state statutes, like the Rhode Island statute, which requires the payment of interest on mortgage escrow accounts That same regulation purports to preempt most categories of other state consumer protection laws. Most national banks have been reasonably relying on the OCC preemption regulations and have not complied with most state consumer protection laws. The Conti opinion implicitly concludes that the OCC preemption regulations are invalid. During our podcast show, we explain the history of the Conti case and the holding and reasoning of the First Circuit. We also discuss the Cantero opinion in the Supreme Court which led to the First Circuit opinion and similar cases in the Second and Ninth Circuits dealing with the same preemption issues. Most importantly, we will explain how we are helping national banks comply with state laws that are probably not preempted by the National Bank Act. Alan Kaplinsky, the founder and practice leader of the Consumer Financial Services Group, hosted the webinar. He was joined by Joseph Schuster and Ron Vaske, partners in the Group who focus their practices in part on National Bank Act Preemption.