Colloques du Collège de France - Collège de France

François HéranMigrations et sociétésCollège de FranceAnnée 2022-2023Colloque - Travail en migration/Migration at Work : Introduction et Keynote, Marie-Caroline Saglio-Yatzimirsky & Brenda YeohEn anglais / In EnglishIntroduction par Marie-Caroline Saglio-Yatzimirsky, anthropologue et psychologue, professeure à l'Inalco, directrice de l'ICMKeynote par Brenda Yeoh, géographe et professeure à l'Université nationale de Singapour

François HéranMigrations et sociétésCollège de FranceAnnée 2022-2023Colloque - Travail en migration/Migration at Work : Session 2 – Discrimination et « diversité » au travail Intervenant(s)Angéline Escafré-Dublet, politiste, Université Lyon 2, INED, directrice du département INTEGER – ICMLaure Bereni, sociologue, CNRS, CMH – ENS, EHESSAnton Perdoncin, sociologue, CNRS, CENSMirna Safi, sociologue, Sciences Po, CRIS, CREST-LSQFred Salin, doctorant en sociologie, EHESSIntroduction par Angéline Escafré-Dublet, politiste (Université Lyon 2, INED), directrice du département INTEGER – ICMIntervenant-es :Laure Bereni, sociologue (CNRS, CMH – ENS, EHESS)Anton Perdoncin, sociologue (CNRS, CENS)Mirna Safi, sociologue (Sciences Po, CRIS, CREST-LSQ)Discutant : Fred Salin, doctorant en sociologie (EHESS)

Claudine TiercelinMétaphysique et philosophie de la connaissanceAnnée 2022-2023Colloque - Virtual and Augmented Realities: Epistemological and Metaphysical Issues : Some Thoughts on Virtual and Augmented RealityIntervenant(s)Alexander Fisher, University of CambridgeRésuméThis paper considers the ethical significance of self-involving imagination, where we imagine ourselves as others. This form of imagination occurs in taking on personal ideals, in simulation of others' mental states, and when we imagine ourselves as characters in acting or in videogames and virtual reality. The ethical concern is that the imaginer might be morally corrupted as troubling attitudes taken on in imagination leak into their actual psychology. This worry is heightened for interactive media as imagined attitudes play a significant role in motivating action, hence more plausibly might start to influence us outside of the imaginative context.I note two mechanisms which serve to prevent leakage of immoral attitudes, dampening this ethical concern. First, we often face heightened imaginative resistance to taking on immoral mental states. This prevents us even imagining holding certain immoral attitudes. Second, whilst we generally passively quarantine our attitudes to the imaginative context, in morally charged cases we also more actively quarantine – we take on immoral attitudes in imagination but are consciously careful not to acquire them in reality. This pair of guarding mechanisms help prevent our becoming morally corrupted through self-involving imagination.PrésentationVirtual Reality technology affords its users a strongly immersive and interactive experience of computer-generated environments, through a dedicated headset. With Augmented Reality devices, 3D computer-generated imagery is projected onto physical space, thereby "augmenting" the user's surroundings with an overlay of virtual entities. These "Extended Reality" (XR) technologies are likely to become a part of our everyday life in the near future. They also raise a host of fascinating issues, which have increasingly been discussed in the recent philosophical literature. This international conference will investigate the metaphysical and epistemological questions raised by XR technologies.Le colloque est intégralement en anglais et a eu lieu les 5 et 6 juin au Collège de France

Claudine TiercelinMétaphysique et philosophie de la connaissanceAnnée 2022-2023Colloque - Virtual and Augmented Realities: Epistemological and Metaphysical Issues : Self-Involving ImaginationIntervenant(s)Alexander Fisher, University of CambridgeRésuméThis paper considers the ethical significance of self-involving imagination, where we imagine ourselves as others. This form of imagination occurs in taking on personal ideals, in simulation of others' mental states, and when we imagine ourselves as characters in acting or in videogames and virtual reality. The ethical concern is that the imaginer might be morally corrupted as troubling attitudes taken on in imagination leak into their actual psychology. This worry is heightened for interactive media as imagined attitudes play a significant role in motivating action, hence more plausibly might start to influence us outside of the imaginative context.I note two mechanisms which serve to prevent leakage of immoral attitudes, dampening this ethical concern. First, we often face heightened imaginative resistance to taking on immoral mental states. This prevents us even imagining holding certain immoral attitudes. Second, whilst we generally passively quarantine our attitudes to the imaginative context, in morally charged cases we also more actively quarantine – we take on immoral attitudes in imagination but are consciously careful not to acquire them in reality. This pair of guarding mechanisms help prevent our becoming morally corrupted through self-involving imagination.PrésentationVirtual Reality technology affords its users a strongly immersive and interactive experience of computer-generated environments, through a dedicated headset. With Augmented Reality devices, 3D computer-generated imagery is projected onto physical space, thereby "augmenting" the user's surroundings with an overlay of virtual entities. These "Extended Reality" (XR) technologies are likely to become a part of our everyday life in the near future. They also raise a host of fascinating issues, which have increasingly been discussed in the recent philosophical literature. This international conference will investigate the metaphysical and epistemological questions raised by XR technologies.Le colloque est intégralement en anglais et a eu lieu les 5 et 6 juin au Collège de France

Claudine TiercelinMétaphysique et philosophie de la connaissanceAnnée 2022-2023Colloque - Virtual and Augmented Realities: Epistemological and Metaphysical Issues : Seeing-in and Virtual RealityIntervenant(s)Manuel Rebuschi, AHP-PReST, Université de LorraineRésuméIs Virtual Reality a special metaphysical category of reality, as David Chalmers claims? In this talk, I argue that this is not the most obvious way, and I oppose it with a (pseudo-)dualistic conception of VR, combining reality and fiction. To do this, I will draw on Walton's analysis of fictions and on Wollheim's conception of what it is to see-in a pictorial work. It seems that we can understand our interactions in virtual worlds not as a radical rupture, but as an extension of our usual ways of seeing object representations. The proposed conception taking its start in a logical analysis of the statements produced during our interactions in virtual worlds, it also relies on a formal background, based on an extension of first-order modal logic, which will be briefly evoked.PrésentationVirtual Reality technology affords its users a strongly immersive and interactive experience of computer-generated environments, through a dedicated headset. With Augmented Reality devices, 3D computer-generated imagery is projected onto physical space, thereby "augmenting" the user's surroundings with an overlay of virtual entities. These "Extended Reality" (XR) technologies are likely to become a part of our everyday life in the near future. They also raise a host of fascinating issues, which have increasingly been discussed in the recent philosophical literature. This international conference will investigate the metaphysical and epistemological questions raised by XR technologies.Le colloque est intégralement en anglais et a eu lieu les 5 et 6 juin au Collège de France

Claudine TiercelinMétaphysique et philosophie de la connaissanceAnnée 2022-2023Colloque - Virtual and Augmented Realities: Epistemological and Metaphysical Issues : Really just making it up: fictionalism about the virtual (and a whole lot more?)Intervenant(s)Neil McDonnell, University of GlasgowRésuméAre the entities that we encounter in virtual environments real? As a virtual realist, Chalmers argues that they are. In contrast, virtual fictionalists say they aren't. Instead, such entities are merely posits within games of make-believe, games that are guided by the existing digital props we engage with. The aim of this talk is to explore and extend this fictionalist approach to virtual ontology.Specifically, the first half of the talk sketches the available options when it comes to the debate about virtual ontology. This then leads to an articulation of a Waltonian fictionalist account, which I (extending joint Wildman/McDonnell work) argue is superior to Chalmers' virtual realism. However, this leads to an issue facing fictionalism: once one adopts it for virtual objects, it is hard to see where the fictiionalism stops. In other words, what should fictionalists say about non-virtual entities like universities, paper money, and Cryptocurrency? It seems wild to think that these are fictions too, since they are so important/value to us in our everyday lives. To address this challenge, I introduce the notions of consensus and mandated fictions. After defining these in Waltonian terms, I use them to articulate a (nearly) global fictionalist story which alleviates the worry. The result is an ambitious, distinctively unifying extension of fictionalism about the virtual to include the social, institutional, and constructed.PrésentationVirtual Reality technology affords its users a strongly immersive and interactive experience of computer-generated environments, through a dedicated headset. With Augmented Reality devices, 3D computer-generated imagery is projected onto physical space, thereby "augmenting" the user's surroundings with an overlay of virtual entities. These "Extended Reality" (XR) technologies are likely to become a part of our everyday life in the near future. They also raise a host of fascinating issues, which have increasingly been discussed in the recent philosophical literature. This international conference will investigate the metaphysical and epistemological questions raised by XR technologies.Le colloque est intégralement en anglais et a eu lieu les 5 et 6 juin au Collège de France

Claudine TiercelinMétaphysique et philosophie de la connaissanceAnnée 2022-2023Colloque - Virtual and Augmented Realities: Epistemological and Metaphysical Issues : Eye Movements and the Feeling of PresenceIntervenant(s)Bence Nanay, University of AntwerpRésuméEmpirical studies show great variation in the smoothness of tracking eye movements in various perceptual situations. In this talk, I examine the relation between the smoothness of tracking eye movements and the feeling of presence in the case of perception, dreaming, visualising, stereograms and virtual reality and argue for a very minimalist and mechanistic explanation of the feeling of presence. PrésentationVirtual Reality technology affords its users a strongly immersive and interactive experience of computer-generated environments, through a dedicated headset. With Augmented Reality devices, 3D computer-generated imagery is projected onto physical space, thereby "augmenting" the user's surroundings with an overlay of virtual entities. These "Extended Reality" (XR) technologies are likely to become a part of our everyday life in the near future. They also raise a host of fascinating issues, which have increasingly been discussed in the recent philosophical literature. This international conference will investigate the metaphysical and epistemological questions raised by XR technologies.Le colloque est intégralement en anglais et a eu lieu les 5 et 6 juin au Collège de France

François HéranMigrations et sociétésCollège de FranceAnnée 2022-2023Colloque - Travail en migration/Migration at Work : Session 3 – Risques de santé pour les migrantes et migrants au travailIntervenant(s)Lamia Missaoui, sociologue, UVSQ, PRINTEMPS, directrice du département HEALTH – ICMPriscille Sauvegrain, sociologue, Inserm, et sage-femme, directrice du département HEALTH – ICMMiriam Casteldo, anthropologue (hôpital public de Rome, fellow internationale – ICMInès Malroux, doctorante en sociologie, EHESSLaure Pitti, sociologue, Université Paris 8Frédéric Décosse, sociologue, CNRS-LEST, CodetrasIntroduction par Lamia Missaoui, sociologue (UVSQ, PRINTEMPS) et Priscille Sauvegrain, sociologue (Inserm) et sage-femme, directrices du département HEALTH – ICMIntervenant-es :Miriam Casteldo, anthropologue (hôpital public de Rome, fellow internationale – ICM)Inès Malroux, doctorante en sociologie (EHESS)Laure Pitti, sociologue (Université Paris 8)Discutant :Frédéric Décosse, sociologue (CNRS-LEST, Codetras)

François HéranMigrations et sociétésCollège de FranceAnnée 2022-2023Colloque - Travail en migration/Migration at Work : Session 1 – Ce que la migration fait au travail : entre acquisition de compétences professionnelles et déqualificationIntervenant(s)Catherine Gousseff, historienne, CNRS, CERCEC, EHESS, directrice du département GLOBAL – ICMAnne-Sophie Bruno, historienne, Paris 1, CHSFrancesca Sirna, sociologue, CNRS, Centre Norbert EliasPhilippe Rygiel, historien, ENS LyonIntroduction par Catherine Gousseff, historienne (CNRS, CERCEC, EHESS), directrice du département GLOBAL – ICMIntervenant-es :Anne-Sophie Bruno, historienne (Paris 1, CHS)Angelos Dalachanis, historien (CNRS, IHMC)Francesca Sirna, sociologue (CNRS, Centre Norbert Elias)Discutant : Philippe Rygiel, historien (ENS Lyon)

François HéranMigrations et sociétésCollège de FranceAnnée 2022-2023Colloque - Travail en migration/Migration at Work : Introduction et Keynote, François Héran & Thomas PikettyIntroduction par François Héran, sociologue et démographe, professeur au Collège de France (Chaire Migrations et sociétés), président de l'ICMKeynote par Thomas Piketty, économiste, directeur d'études à l'EHESS et professeur à Paris School of Economics