SpaceTime with Stuart Gary

This e[pisode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of NordVPN, SpacTime's official VPN service. And have we got a great offer for you, with a 30 Day Money-Back guarantee! To check out the details vist nordvpn.com/stuartgary or use the coupon code STUARTGARY at checkout.In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the latest discoveries and research that are reshaping our understanding of Mars and the effects of solar activity on planetary climates.Curiosity Rover's New Martian Rock SamplesNASA's Mars Curiosity rover has drilled into a new region of Martian rock, revealing intriguing features that may provide insights into whether the planet ever had conditions suitable for life. The rover's findings include unique boxwork patterns formed by groundwater, suggesting that even as Mars dried up, water was still present below the surface. As Curiosity ascends Mount Sharp, scientists are eager to understand the implications of these patterns and the mineral cements involved, which may hold clues to Mars' climatic history and the potential for ancient microbial life.Solar Flares and Weather PatternsA groundbreaking study published in the Astronomical Journal has uncovered a connection between solar flares and short-term changes in weather patterns on exoplanets. Researchers found that flares from a planet's host star can cause measurable climate shifts within days, highlighting the importance of solar activity in modulating atmospheric behavior. This research not only enhances our understanding of exoplanet habitability but also suggests that solar variability may influence weather systems on Earth, particularly in volatile regions.Nasa's In-Flight Imagery ProjectNASA's Scientifically Calibrated in Flight Imagery (SCIFLI) team is set to gather vital data during the reentry of a European aerospace company's demonstration capsule. Utilizing advanced instruments, including a spectrometer and high-definition telescope, SCIFLI aims to capture real-time performance data that will refine computational models for future space missions. This mission highlights the importance of empirical data in enhancing safety and performance for crewed and robotic space exploration.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstronomical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-3881NASA Curiosity Roverhttps://mars.nasa.gov/msl/NASA SCIFLI Teamhttps://www.nasa.gov/langley/scifliBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

This episode is brought to you by NordVPN. Get up to 76% off NordVPN, enjoy 4 extra months free, and receive an Amazon gift card—plus a 30-day money-back guarantee. Visit nordvpn.com/stuartgary or use code STUARTGARY at checkout.Parker Solar Probe's Historic Close Approach to the SunNASA's Parker Solar Probe has achieved a remarkable milestone, completing its 24th close flyby of the Sun at a record distance of just 6.2 million kilometers from the solar surface. During this encounter, the probe reached speeds of 687,000 kilometers per hour, gathering invaluable data on solar wind and solar activity as the Sun approaches its solar maximum. The mission aims to deepen our understanding of the Sun's behavior and its impact on space weather, which can affect technology and human activities on Earth.Deep Earth Pulses: A New Ocean in the MakingScientists have detected rhythmic surges of molten rock rising from deep within the Earth beneath Africa, revealing a dynamic mantle plume that is gradually tearing the continent apart. This groundbreaking research, published in Nature Geoscience, indicates that the Afar region is experiencing the birth of a new ocean basin due to the interaction between tectonic plates and the pulsing mantle below. The study highlights the complex relationship between the Earth's interior and surface processes, offering new insights into volcanic activity and continental breakup.Aeris Rocket Launch Window OpensMission managers at Gilmour Space are preparing for the opening of a new launch window for their Ares orbital rocket's first test flight, set to begin tomorrow. Following earlier technical issues, the team is closely monitoring weather conditions as they aim to launch the first all-Australian designed and built launch vehicle since the 1970s. With ambitious plans for future versions capable of carrying heavier payloads, this test flight marks a significant step in Australia's growing space industry.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Geosciencehttps://www.nature.com/naturegeoscience/NASA Parker Solar Probehttps://www.nasa.gov/content/parker-solar-probeGilmour Spacehttps://gilmourspace.com/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into fascinating connections between Earth's atmospheric conditions and its magnetic field, alongside intriguing insights into Mercury and the mysteries of the Sun's corona.Link Between Earth's Oxygen and Magnetic FieldA groundbreaking study published in Science Advances reveals a correlation between the fluctuations of Earth's magnetic field and atmospheric oxygen levels over the last 540 million years. Researchers suggest that processes within the Earth might influence habitability on the surface, highlighting the magnetic field's role in protecting our atmosphere from cosmic rays and solar wind. This correlation raises questions about the underlying processes linking these two critical elements for life on Earth.Unraveling Mercury's SecretsNew findings indicate that Mercury's crust and internal structure are unlike any other planet in our solar system. Laboratory simulations are aiding the European-Japanese BepiColombo mission, set to orbit Mercury in November 2026. Researchers are investigating why Mercury's core constitutes 60% of its volume, exploring theories about its metal-rich composition and volcanic history. The study emphasizes the need for more data to understand Mercury's unique characteristics and geological processes.The Ongoing Mystery of the Sun's CoronaDespite advancements in solar research, the heating of the Sun's corona remains a significant puzzle. Observations from NASA's IRIS mission and other spacecraft are shedding light on potential mechanisms, including magnetic reconnection and plasma waves. These studies are revealing the complexity of the solar atmosphere and could help scientists understand how energy is transferred from the Sun's surface to its outer layers.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesScience Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvNASA IRIS Missionhttps://iris.lmsal.com/European Space Agencyhttps://www.esa.int/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 77 for broadcast on 27 June 202501:00 Link between Earth's oxygen and magnetic field12:15 Unraveling Mercury's secrets22:30 The ongoing mystery of the Sun's corona30:00 Science report: Changing seasonal rhythms and their impact on ecosystems

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover significant advancements in our understanding of the universe and ongoing developments in space exploration.Astronomers Find the Universe's Missing MatterA groundbreaking study reveals that the universe's elusive normal matter is concealed within hot intergalactic gas filaments. This discovery, detailed in the journal Astronomy and Astrophysics, identifies a massive filament of gas, ten times the mass of the Milky Way, connecting four galaxy clusters. Utilizing the European Space Agency's XMM-Newton and JAXA's Suzaku X-ray space telescopes, researchers have successfully characterized this filament, providing crucial insights into the cosmic web's structure and supporting existing models of the universe.Concerns Grow Over Leaks Aboard the International Space StationFresh concerns regarding leaks aboard the International Space Station have led to delays in the SpaceX Axiom Spaceflight 4 mission. NASA is closely monitoring cabin pressure in the Russian segment of the station, where ongoing structural issues have been identified. Despite recent repairs, the situation remains a top safety priority as astronauts prepare for their upcoming mission.European Space Agency's Mars Rover ProgressThe European Space Agency's ExoMars rover, Rosalind Franklin, is back on track to land on Mars in 2028, seven years later than originally planned. This mission aims to search for signs of past life on the Red Planet and investigate its geochemical environment. With new funding and NASA's agreement to provide launch services, the Rosalind Franklin rover is undergoing final tests to ensure its success on the Martian surface.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstronomy and Astrophysicshttps://www.aanda.org/European Space Agencyhttps://www.esa.int/NASAhttps://www.nasa.gov/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 76 for broadcast on 25 June 202501:00 Astronomers find the universe's missing matter12:15 Concerns grow over leaks aboard the International Space Station22:30 European Space Agency's Mars rover progress30:00 Science report: New insights into conversion therapy and health impacts

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore some of the most recent and intriguing developments in space exploration and cosmic phenomena.Starship's Latest Test Flight Ends in ExplosionSpaceX faces another setback as its 10th Starship test flight ended in a massive explosion at the Massey test stand in Boca Chica, Texas. The incident occurred just minutes before a planned static fire test of the upper stage. We discuss the details of the explosion, including early indications of a cryogenic methane leak and the implications for SpaceX's ambitious goals of interplanetary transport.A Cosmic Anomaly and Its Frightening Implications for EarthA newly discovered cosmic anomaly challenges our understanding of galaxy evolution. A distant spiral galaxy, housing a supermassive black hole billions of times the mass of the Sun, is emitting colossal radio jets stretching over 6 million light years. This finding raises alarming questions about the potential future of our own Milky Way and the dangers posed by similar jets originating from Sagittarius A, our galaxy's supermassive black hole. We delve into the study's findings and their implications for life on Earth.New Insights into Neutron StarsA groundbreaking study has provided new insights into the birth masses of neutron stars, revealing that they typically form with a mass around 1.3 times that of our Sun. Using advanced modeling techniques, researchers analyzed a sample of neutron stars in binary systems to understand their formation history better. This research opens up new avenues for interpreting gravitational wave detections and understanding the lifecycle of massive stars.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societyhttps://academic.oup.com/mnrasNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 75 for broadcast on 23 June 202501:00 Starship's latest test flight ends in explosion12:15 A cosmic anomaly and its frightening implications for Earth22:30 New insights into neutron stars30:00 Science report: Cannabis use linked to increased cardiovascular disease risk

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover groundbreaking discoveries and innovative advancements in the realm of space and planetary science.Record-Breaking Cosmic Structure DiscoveredAstronomers have imaged an unprecedented cosmic structure, a massive cloud of energetic particles surrounding a galaxy cluster that spans nearly 200 million light years. This remarkable finding, presented at the 246th meeting of the American Astronomical Society, challenges existing theories about particle energization, suggesting that giant shock waves and turbulence are at play rather than nearby galaxies. We delve into the implications of this discovery for our understanding of cosmic magnetic fields and the dynamics of galaxy clusters.A New Approach to Building MarsA recent study has revealed a novel method for planetary core formation, suggesting that molten sulfide rather than metal could create a core in rocky planets like Mars. This research, published in Nature Communications, offers fresh insights into the early evolution of terrestrial worlds, particularly in sulfur-rich environments. We discuss how this finding could reshape our understanding of Mars's geochemical timeline and its core formation process.High-Performance Infrared Nano AntennasScientists have developed innovative gold nano antennas that significantly enhance the capabilities of thermal infrared cameras, improving image quality and sensitivity. This advancement, led by researchers at Sandia National Laboratories, allows for clearer observations of thermal infrared radiation, with applications ranging from astronomy to national security. We explore the technology behind these nano antennas and their potential impact on various fields.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Communicationshttps://www.nature.com/ncomms/American Astronomical Societyhttps://aas.org/Sandia National Laboratorieshttps://www.sandia.gov/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 74 for broadcast on 20 June 202501:00 Record-breaking cosmic structure discovered12:15 A new approach to building Mars22:30 High-performance infrared nano antennas30:00 Science report: New dinosaur species discovered

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the latest astronomical discoveries and advancements in space exploration.Solar Orbiter's Unprecedented Views of the Sun's South PoleFor the first time, astronomers have captured detailed observations of the Sun's south pole thanks to the joint NASA/ESA Solar Orbiter spacecraft. This mission provides insights into the Sun's magnetic field dynamics and its role in the solar cycle, including the current solar maximum, which is marked by increased solar activity and spectacular auroras visible at lower latitudes than usual. We discuss the implications of these findings for our understanding of solar physics and space weather.Surprising Discoveries on the Moons of UranusNASA's Hubble Space Telescope has revealed unexpected surface characteristics of Uranus's largest moons. Contrary to predictions, the leading sides of these moons showed signs of darkening, challenging previous theories about the interactions between the moons and Uranus's magnetosphere. We explore the significance of these observations and what they suggest about the complex relationship between Uranus and its satellites.Europe's Ariane 6 Rocket Prepares for Its Third LaunchThe European Space Agency is gearing up for the third flight of its new Ariane 6 rocket, set to launch a meteorological satellite into orbit. We provide an overview of the Ariane 6's design advancements, its performance in previous launches, and how it enhances Europe's independent access to space. This rocket represents a significant step forward in European space capabilities.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNASA Solar Orbiterhttps://www.nasa.gov/solarorbiterHubble Space Telescopehttps://hubblesite.org/Ariane 6 Launch Detailshttps://www.arianespace.com/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 73 for broadcast on 18 June 202501:00 Solar Orbiter's unprecedented views of the Sun's south pole12:15 Surprising discoveries on the moons of Uranus22:30 Europe's Ariane 6 rocket prepares for its third launch30:00 Science report: New insights into the Dead Sea Scrolls and autism research

Sponsor Details:This episode is brought to you by NordVPN - the official VPN service of SpaceTime. Protect your online privacy with the same service we trust. For a special SpaceTime deal, visit nordvpn.com/stuartgary or use the coupon code Stuart Gary at checkout.In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover fascinating new insights into the Moon's hidden mantle, the dynamics of stellar nurseries, and the latest lunar lander mishap.A New Window into the Moon's Hidden MantleRecent studies of unique green glass beads retrieved by China's Chang' E5 mission suggest evidence of a significant asteroid impact on the Moon. These beads, with their unusually high magnesium content, may originate from the Moon's mantle, offering scientists their first direct glimpse into this elusive layer. We discuss the implications of this discovery for understanding lunar geology and the history of our celestial neighbor.Unusual Stellar Nursery Discovered Near the Milky Way's CenterNew findings indicate that star formation rates near the galactic center of the Milky Way are unexpectedly low, despite the high density of stellar material. Utilizing data from NASA's retired SOFIA observatory, researchers have identified that these regions may produce only one generation of stars, challenging traditional models of stellar nurseries. We explore what these revelations mean for our understanding of galactic dynamics and star formation processes.Another Lunar Lander Crashes on the MoonThe Japanese I Space lunar lander, Resilience, has tragically crashed during its landing attempt on the Moon, marking another setback in the race for lunar exploration. We delve into the details surrounding the mission's failure and the ongoing investigations aimed at uncovering the cause of the crash. This incident highlights the challenges faced by commercial space missions as they strive to achieve successful lunar landings.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesScience Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0004-637XBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 72 for broadcast on 16 June 202501:00 A new window into the Moon's hidden mantle12:15 Unusual stellar nursery discovered near the Milky Way's center22:30 Another lunar lander crashes on the Moon30:00 Science report: New insights into the mystery of why cats purr

Sponsor Details:This epiosode is broght to you by NordVPN...the official VPN service of SpaceTime. Get online security at a special SpaceTime price. Details at www.nordvpn.com/stuartgaryor use the code STUARTGARY at checkout.In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking discoveries and significant events unfolding in our universe.Galactic Collision Course: Two Massive Galaxy Clusters Set for Round TwoAstronomers have observed a rare cosmic event as two massive galaxy clusters, previously collided, are now on a trajectory for another encounter. Located 2.8 billion light-years away, the clusters—designated PSE2G 181.06.48.47—exhibit fascinating structures and shock fronts indicative of their impending collision. We delve into the implications of this rare event and what it reveals about the dynamics of galaxy clusters and dark matter.NASA's Psyche Mission Switches to Backup SystemsNASA has been compelled to switch to a backup fuel system on its Psyche spacecraft after a drop in fuel pressure was detected in the main propulsion system. We discuss the technical challenges faced by the mission team, the significance of the asteroid Psyche, and what this means for the spacecraft's journey to explore this intriguing metallic asteroid, scheduled for arrival in 2029.Discovery of a New Atomic NucleusFor the first time in over three decades, scientists have measured the heaviest nucleus decaying through proton emission. This discovery, involving the lightest known isotope of astatine-188, sheds light on the rare form of radioactive decay and the intricate properties of exotic nuclei. We explore the experimental techniques used and the theoretical implications of this groundbreaking finding.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0004-637XNASA Psyche Missionhttps://www.nasa.gov/psycheBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 71 for broadcast on 13 June 202501:00 Galactic collision course: Two massive galaxy clusters set for round two12:15 NASA's Psyche mission switches to backup systems22:30 Discovery of a new atomic nucleus30:00 Science report: Unprecedented ocean warming in the South Pacific

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the cosmos to uncover extraordinary cosmic phenomena, groundbreaking Mars exploration, and innovative asteroid detection technology.The Most Powerful Cosmic Explosions Since the Big BangAstronomers have identified a new class of cosmic events known as extreme nuclear transients (ENTs), which are the most powerful explosions observed since the Big Bang. These events occur when supermassive black holes tear apart stars over three times the mass of our sun, releasing energy that surpasses even the brightest supernovae. We explore the implications of these findings, including how these luminous phenomena can provide insights into black hole growth and the early universe.NASA's Perseverance Rover Takes a Bite of Ancient Martian RockNASA's Perseverance Rover has sampled a potentially ancient rock on Mars known as Crocodilen, located on the Jezero Crater Rim. This area offers vital clues about the planet's watery past and the potential for past life. We discuss the rover's mission, its new sampling strategy, and the significance of the clay minerals found in the region, which could preserve organic compounds.First Light for Europe's New Killer Asteroid HunterThe European Space Agency's FlyEye telescope has achieved its first light, marking a new era in the search for near-Earth asteroids that could threaten our planet. Designed to capture a vast region of the sky simultaneously, FlyEye will operate autonomously to detect and track these celestial hazards. We delve into how this innovative technology will enhance our planetary defense efforts and the role it will play in monitoring potential threats.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesScience Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvNaturehttps://www.nature.com/nature/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 70 for broadcast on 11 June 202501:00 The most powerful cosmic explosions since the Big Bang12:15 NASA's Perseverance Rover takes a bite of ancient Martian rock22:30 First light for Europe's new killer asteroid hunter30:00 Science report: Global drought severity increases since 1981