Environment China

Today, we're continuing our series on China's external investments in the energy field, focusing in particular on China's outbound investments in clean energy manufacturing. Our guest today is Mathias Larsen. Mathias is Senior Policy Fellow at LSE's Grantham Research Institute for Climate Change & the Environment, where he leads the Institute's work on China, and he also studies China's impact on other countries outside the global North, in particular, Vietnam, India, Ethiopia, and Brazil. His work focuses on the role of the state in ensuring financing for a green transition, covering central banking, fiscal policy, development finance, and other tools related to industrial policy. Mathias has a double PhD in international political economy from Copenhagen Business School and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and a double Master's degree in international business and politics from Copenhagen Business School and Rotterdam School of Management, as well as a double Master's degree in international development from Sciences Po Paris and Peking University. He previously worked as a Postdoc at Brown University, at the International Institute of Green Finance, as well as at the UN in New York, Bangkok, and Nairobi. Topics we cover include: The trend change in China's green outbound investment that started in 2022. Which regions are attracting which kinds of investments. Whether countries are really seeing development opportunities in this stream of investment -- and what they can do to maximize their chances of development. China's central bank policies which include both national development priorities as well as macroeconomic stability, without the strict independence traditionally expected of central banks. Whether such policies could offer a lesson for others. China's outbound green hydrogen investments in the Mideast. Saudi Arabia's strategy on green hydrogen. For further reading: https://www.netzeropolicylab.com/china-green-leap https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/businessreview/2025/12/10/while-western-central-banks-hesitate-on-climate-chinas-acts/ https://www.carboun.com/china-hydrogen

In today's episode, we take a deep dive into the latest stats on China's surging investments in the Belt-and-Road Initiative countries. Energy investment is up, but we learn that this was both the 'greenest and dirtiest' year for BRI investments ever. Even as China's oil demand stagnates, China's SOEs and construction companies are doing brisk business investing in oil and gas, even as CATL and Jinko Solar find deals and opportunities in Latin America and Africa. Our guest, Christoph Nedopil-Wang, is the director of the Griffith Asia Institute and Professor of Economics. Christoph engages in research related to sustainable finance and business in Asia and the Pacific, and he is particularly interested in the role of China in Asia's sustainable development with extensive engagement in green finance, green energy transition, green metals, climate smart state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). He has numerous publications related to the topic of China's overseas finance and green finance in general, and in particular he is the lead author of the China Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) Investment Report 2025, published by the Griffith Asia Institute in early January 2026, in collaboration with the Green Finance & Development Center (GFDC) of the Fanhai International School of Finance (FISF), in Fudan, China. [Editorial note: a young family member can occasionally be heard in the background.] Questions we address are: Is surging investment a surprise? And why is this happening just as China's domestic economy slows? Why is oil and gas investment surging when domestic demand is so soft? Is Chinese investment in minerals and minerals processing mainly a "scramble for resources" or is it a development opportunity for the recipient countries? Is Africa's growth of 300% a signficant trend change that could continue? Deal size is up. What ever happened to "small is beautiful"? Expectations for 2026 Further reading: China Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) Investment Report 2025 https://blogs.griffith.edu.au/asiainsights/china-belt-and-road-initiative-bri-investment-report-2025-2/

Kate Logan, Director of the China Climate Hub at the Asia Society Policy Institute, delves into China's recent Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) outlining a 7-10% carbon emission reduction by 2035. She critiques the vague definition of 'peak' emissions and the disappointment among international observers regarding its ambition. Logan explores potential enhancements in climate action through China's 15th Five-Year Plan and other sector-specific policies. Additionally, she discusses how global geopolitical dynamics influenced China's climate commitments.

Anders Hove, Senior Research Fellow at the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, shares insights from his extensive background in China's energy transition. He recounts his journey from arriving in China to working with the China Greentech Initiative. The conversation dives into the crucial drivers of clean energy innovation, detailing how manufacturing clusters bolster the industry. Anders highlights the impact of electric vehicles on oil demand and sees a significant decline in China's oil needs as EV adoption accelerates in the early 2030s.

In this special episode of the podcast, Calvin Quek interviews the BEN podcast's longtime host, Anders Hove. Topics covered include how Anders came to China, his formative experiences working in China at the China Greentech Initiative, and how he got involved in the podcast. He even gives us his all time favorite episode (see link below). Calvin also discusses with Anders the topic of innovation in China's clean energy space, covered in a major paper Anders published last year at the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies (OIES). This is a wide-ranging discussion, so here are a few links to help you follow along, based on things that were mentioned in the podcast: Anders Hove, 'Clean energy innovation in China: fact and fiction, and implications for the future', Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, 2024. https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/clean-energy-innovation-in-china-fact-and-fiction-and-implications-for-the-future/ 'Global Energy Interconnection: The Dawn of a Global Power Grid?' Environment China podcast, 22 December 2019. https://environmentchinapod.libsyn.com/global-energy-interconnection-the-dawn-of-the-global-power-grid The Chinese Money Behind Oatly https://thechinaproject.com/2021/08/13/the-chinese-money-behind-oatly/ China's Race to Tech Supremacy: A Conversation with James Kynge https://www.ft.com/content/535b3bd4-349d-45d2-8673-eeceefe3bb51

In this engaging discussion, Calvin Quek, Executive Director at the Nature Finance Program, dives into the intricacies of green finance in China. He defines its role in aligning investments with sustainability and details China's impressive issuance of green bonds. The conversation also covers the transparency issues surrounding these bonds and the debates over taxonomies, including clean coal. Calvin highlights how green finance supports China’s energy transition while revealing the concerns about state support overshadowing smaller projects.

In the latest episode of Environment China's podcast, we speak to Jialu Zuo. Jialu is a sustainability specialist at China National Aviation Fuel Group (CNAF), focusing on Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and international engagement. She holds dual Master's degrees in Public Policy for the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), jointly awarded by Tsinghua University (Beijing) and the University of Geneva (Switzerland). She earned her Bachelor's degree in International Relations and Diplomacy from Renmin University of China. This episode is in Chinese and is produced by our Executive Producer Xiaodan Yuan (Joyce). 在环境中国最新一期的播客中，我们邀请到了左佳鹭 —— 佳鹭目前在能源央企做管培生，主要负责可持续航空燃料和企业的国际业务。她毕业于清华大学公共管理学院和日内瓦大学的可持续发展国际公共政策的双硕士项目。她曾在联合国贸易与发展会议担任可持续金融研究员，同时，佳鹭也是清华大学零碳未来青年协会的共同发起人。播客制作人：袁小丹。

In today's episode of Environment China, we're doing something a little bit different, cross-posting a recording of a panel hosted by the Asia Society Policy Institute's China Climate Hub. This panel discussion explores China's latest emission trends, clean energy deployment, relationship with the global south, position at COP30, and impact of the U.S.-China trade war on the global energy transition. The speakers are Kate Logan, director of China Climate Hub at Asia Society Policy Institute; Lauri Myllyvirta, non-resident senior fellow of China Climate Hub at Asia Society Policy Institute; and Anders Hove, senior research fellow at Oxford Institute for Energy Studies' China Programme. Asia Society Policy Institute's China Climate Hub Director Li Shuo moderates the conversation. The original recording may be found in video format on YouTube at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vZWFTO2lO9w&t=1139s

In this episode of Environment China, we are talking about China's long-term pathway to carbon neutrality and, in particular, about the recent publication of the China Energy Transformation Outlook, or CETO, which provides two scenarios of China's clean energy transition. We talk to Kaare Sandholt, International Chief Expert for the China Energy Transformation Programme. The programme is run by the Energy Research Institute of the NDRC. Topics we address include: The importance of long-term modeling, and its contribution compared to five-year plans or other policy planning How CETO's two main scenarios compare: both assume carbon neutrality by 2060 and similar GDP growth, but differ in terms of energy mix and technology progress The role of electrification and energy efficiency: starting with transport, but also in industry, which requires both a cleaner grid and lower direct combustion of fossil fuels, which wastes huge amounts of energy through waste heat The importance of structural economic transformation: CETO assumes China makes substantial progress transitioning away from heavy manufacturing The reforms that CETO anticipates, including especially in power markets (merit-order dispatch, cross-regional electricity trading, and price signals), but also in carbon markets and industry standards The role of gas: gas will rise rapidly in relative terms, with 50-50 growth between power sector and industry; in coastal provinces gas is for flexibility in the power sector, and inland provinces gas is for industry; but it will not become a major transition fuel that takes the place of coal The amount of wind and solar capacity that will be needed: while the RE capacity requirement has risen due to faster electricity demand growth, the annual additions needed are roughly in line with present wind and solar additions The report is available in English here: https://www.cet.energy/ And Kaare Sandholt has an excellent article in a recent issue of Carbon Brief, published together with Wang Zhongying: https://www.carbonbrief.org/guest-post-china-will-need-10000gw-of-wind-and-solar-by-2060/ Executive Producer of this episode: Anders Hove

According to a recent report by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA), by sustaining its current expansion rate of renewable energy, China could cut 30% of power sector emissions & increase non-fossil energy share to over 40%. This would require renewable capacity of 5,000 GW by 2035 (roughly 3x current renewable capacity, or 4x current wind and solar capacity) and halting approvals of all new unabated coal power plants. CREA's report argues these goals can only be achieved through robust national targets, such as through the forthcoming Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) targets. In this podcast, we speak with CREA's Belinda Schäpe about the details of this analysis, which was reported on in detail in Reuters, Bloomberg, and AFP. Belinda is a China Policy Analyst with the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) where she analysis China's decarbonisation journey and advises policymakers on their diplomatic engagement with China. Previously, Belinda worked on climate diplomacy with China at the climate change think tank E3G, at the European Commission, Dialogue Earth, and a number of organisation working on economic cooperation between Europe and China. Belinda holds a double master's degree in International Affairs from the London School of Economics and Peking University and a bachelor's degree in Chinese Studies and Business Administration from Tübingen University. The full report from CREA is available here: https://energyandcleanair.org/publication/chinas-clean-energy-trends-could-cut-emissions-by-30-in-2035-if-sustained/