
Mark S. Smith
Professor of Old Testament and exegesis at Princeton Theological Seminary, author of numerous books on ancient Israelite religion and the Hebrew Bible, specializing in the polytheistic background of Israel and the development of monotheism.
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Mar 2, 2026 • 1h 8min
[Bible] Episode 318: Mark S. Smith - The Many Gods of Israel
Mark S. Smith, Princeton Old Testament scholar specializing in ancient Israelite religion. He traces Israel’s polytheistic background, how Yahweh was once one deity among many, and the textual and archaeological clues that show a shift toward monotheism. Brief takes on Ugaritic parallels, divine council language, and how gods’ traits converged into a single national deity.


