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Hominin Evolution Was A Branching Experiment
- Early hominins show branching experiments, not a single straight line to humans.
- Australopithecines (≈4 mya), Sahelanthropus (≈6.5 mya) and Paranthropus coexisted, some failing while others led to Homo lineages.
Toolmaking Predated Homo And Drove Diet Shifts
- Stone tools predate Homo: Lomekwian tools appear just over 3 million years ago and Oldowan before Homo habilis.
- Tool advances track dietary shifts toward meat and foreshadow technological leaps like Acheulean and controlled fire.
Acheulean Tools And Fire Mark Global Expansion
- Acheulean technology and fire use spread with Homo erectus; deliberate fire control is demonstrable from ≈800 kya.
- By then hominins had left Africa to colonize Asia and Europe.


