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Christianity's Unlikely Appeal
- Christianity's appeal grew despite Roman values favoring conquest and triumph.
- Stories of martyrs' faith inspired pagans to convert despite persecution risks.
Papal Authority's Gradual Emergence
- The title Pope originally meant 'father' and was broadly used, not exclusively for the Bishop of Rome.
- Pope as supreme leader developed from the 2nd century, with Leo the Great in the 400s asserting global ecclesiastical authority.
Leo the Great Meets Attila
- Pope Leo the Great personally negotiated with Attila the Hun to protect Rome.
- He saw himself as ruler of a spiritual empire bigger than the former Roman one.