1A The State Of The Civil War In Sudan
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Nov 13, 2025 
Declan Walsh, Chief Africa correspondent at The New York Times, discusses Sudan's civil war and its staggering death toll. Khaloud Heer shares insights as a political analyst on the complexities of ethnic violence and the RSF's rise. Ross Smith from the UN World Food Program reveals the dire humanitarian crisis, including famine declarations and logistical hurdles in aid delivery. The trio examines the potential for a ceasefire amid ongoing geopolitical challenges, emphasizing the role of foreign powers and local aid efforts in the crisis.
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Diplomacy Faces On-the-Ground Realities
- The 'Quad' (U.S., UAE, Saudi Arabia, Egypt) proposed a humanitarian ceasefire, but momentum depends on both Sudanese sides agreeing.
- Recent RSF gains mean patterns of one side accepting and the other rejecting truces persist.
Harrowing Accounts From El Fasher
- Survivors from El Fasher reported summary executions, rapes, house-to-house killings, and people run over in streets.
- The International Criminal Court has opened investigations into alleged war crimes there.
Seasonality And External Arms Undermine Ceasefires
- Fighting often intensifies during the dry season, and external weapons flows give both sides incentives to keep pursuing military gains.
- The Quad's plan focuses on a 3-month humanitarian truce followed by a 9-month political track, but it omits key regional backers.