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Utilitarianism's Limitations
- Utilitarianism, while promoting overall happiness, overlooks individual rights and can lead to unfair outcomes for certain groups.
- Rawls sought to address this by combining principled approaches with intuitive moral considerations.
Social Contract and Rawls
- Rawls' theory of justice draws heavily from the social contract tradition, emphasizing the equal freedom of all citizens.
- It aims to establish principles that all individuals, considered as free and equal, could agree upon.
Rawls' Three Principles of Justice
- Rawls' theory of justice includes three core principles: equal basic liberties, fair equality of opportunity, and the difference principle.
- The difference principle emphasizes that inequalities should benefit the least advantaged in society.