The Thomistic Institute Suffering and the Communion of Saints – Prof. Timothy O'Connor
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Mar 17, 2026 Timothy O'Connor, Mahlon Powell Professor of Philosophy and Cognitive Science at Indiana University, explores why an all-loving God permits horrendous suffering. He contrasts theoretical and pastoral approaches and examines Stump and Adams on narrative, postmortem meaning, freedom, and divine love. He ends by considering how the communion of saints might integrate diverse sufferings into a shared eternal union with God.
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Do Not Use Philosophical Arguments During Acute Suffering
- Philosophical analysis of suffering is not pastoral care; seek a priest, therapist, or trusted friend when in acute suffering.
- O'Connor warns theoretical talk can be cold and unhelpful in moments of personal trauma.
Horrendous Suffering Must Be Defeatable To Fit A Loving God
- Horrendous suffering must be capable of being defeated, meaning it can take on positive significance within a larger life narrative.
- O'Connor explains defeat doesn't erase badness but renders it meaningful by integrating it into a fuller story or transformation.
Harsh Musical Note Illustrates Suffering In A Narrative
- O'Connor uses a musical analogy: a harsh trumpet note can enhance subsequent beauty when placed in context.
- The ugly note remains ugly alone but gets defeated by its role within the whole symphony's structure.
