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Forced Sterilization
- During the 1970s emergency, India implemented forced sterilization, primarily targeting men.
- This dark period involved rounding up men for procedures, some botched, causing a backlash.
Shift to Voluntary Planning
- After the 1970s, India shifted to voluntary family planning.
- Increased education and income have contributed to a declining fertility rate from five to two children per woman.
Cultural Preference and Fertility
- Cultural preference for boys in India leads to continued attempts until a son is born.
- Despite narratives, increased income and education correlate with lower fertility rates across all groups.