
Energy Gang Are VPPs really a viable solution for easing strain on the grid? Tesla say yes, and they have big plans
Mar 3, 2026
Amy Myers-Jaffe, energy policy expert at NYU, and Colby Hastings, Tesla’s residential energy lead, discuss virtual power plants. They compare storage VPPs with demand response. They explore market and regulatory barriers, Tesla’s customer-focused VPP model, opt-outs and app transparency. They also cover vehicle-to-grid pilots and Puerto Rico’s large Powerwall deployment as a real-world test.
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VPP Is A Broad Umbrella For Coordinated Grid Assets
- A VPP Is Any Coordinated Group Of Distributed Assets That Provides Grid Services.
- Colby Hastings defines VPPs to include demand response, smart thermostats, managed EV charging and especially behind-the-meter batteries that can export to the grid.
VPPs Solve Urgent Capacity And Affordability Pressures
- Rising Demand, Aging Infrastructure, And Weather Make Fast Capacity Solutions Urgent.
- Hastings argues VPPs tap distributed batteries at scale to use existing infrastructure more efficiently and avoid costly centralized buildouts.
Design VPP Programs Around Customer Choice And Ownership Models
- Offer Flexible Ownership And Customer Choice To Maximize VPP Enrollment.
- Tesla supports direct sales, certified installers, third-party-owned leases (auto-enrolled) and customer opt-in/opt-out for customer-owned systems.
