Innovation in Compliance with Tom Fox Taxman Series: What is Transfer Pricing?
Tom Fox and Tracy Howell continue their exploration of the intersection between compliance and tax in episode 2, where they touch on the practice of transfer pricing.
The Concept of Transfer Pricing
Transfer pricing encompasses the methodologies required by tax code to price transactions between affiliated companies. Devising an arm's length rate for comparable transactions between comparable entities is more art than science. As far as compliance is involved, Tracy believes that, “If you’re a compliance officer that can say anything more than just the words, ‘transfer pricing,’ then you are, indeed, an FOT (friend of tax).”
Parties Involved in Transfer Pricing
Governments (taxing jurisdictions) tend to be involved with different regimes for selling and buying. Third party organizations that are involved currently only consist of the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development), who push standard transfer pricing laws and regulations throughout the world.
The objective of the governments is to get their fair share, and they do so by trying to obtain the maximum multi-jurisdictional transaction profit. Consequently, the OECD attempts to provide guidance on what constitutes a fair share. “What’s fair is just somebody’s opinion,” Tracy tells Tom.
Developing a Transfer Pricing Strategy
As a multinational corporation, it is crucial to set transfer pricing policies and business practices at the beginning. This involves identifying the appropriate methodology that will be used to price the transactions between affiliates. Documenting this process of analysis and conclusion helps to adopt a suitable transfer pricing methodology. In summary: perform analysis, document analysis, then adopt the findings in future transactions.
Tracy poses the question, “How often have you seen a company that’s got the policies and procedures, but somebody’s not following them?” Claiming to have global policies for all multinational intercompany transactions, and then failing to follow them leads to an extreme loss of credibility - this is why it is important to comply with local documentary requirements, “You’ve got to follow the laws, even if they’re a little bit different.”
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