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A Single Atlantic Revolutionary Wave
- The Spanish American independence struggles are part of a single Atlantic revolutionary wave spanning decades and regions.
- Simon Bolívar and Gran Colombia personify the connected, contentious liberation movements across northern South America.
Three Theaters Define The Struggle
- Three main theaters shaped Spanish American independence: Mexico, the southern axis (Argentina/Chile), and New Granada (Bolívar's region).
- Focusing on Bolívar and New Granada reveals the era's political and military connectivity.
Columbus Gets Backing After Reconquista
- Christopher Columbus repeatedly failed to secure royal backing until after the fall of Granada in 1492.
- Isabella and Ferdinand then authorized his voyage and granted sweeping powers in the Capitulations of Santa Fe.