
New Books in History Elliot B. Hanowski, "Towards a Godless Dominion: Unbelief in Interwar Canada" (McGill-Queen’s UP, 2023)
Mar 11, 2026
Elliot B. Hanowski, an academic librarian and historian of unbelief in Canada. He discusses militant secularist groups in the 1920s and 30s, public lectures and street activism, regional clashes with dominant Christian institutions, legal battles over blasphemy, and how skeptics used controversies to gain visibility.
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How Unbelief Terminology Changed In Interwar Canada
- Unbelief was labeled under many names in the interwar period, with "rationalist" serving as the broad umbrella before "humanist" gained traction in the 1930s.
- Elliot B. Hanowski notes Marshall Gauvin's Winnipeg group later renamed from Rationalist to Humanist, showing shifting terminology and identity.
Left Politics And Secularism Had Strong Overlap
- In Canada the left (socialists/communists) and secularists often overlapped more than in Britain or the U.S., producing ambivalent relations with anti-religious campaigning.
- Hanowski explains many communists saw religion as a symptom of material conditions that would wither after social change, so explicit anti-religious agitation was uneven.
Marshall Gauvin Built Winnipeg's Rationalist Movement
- Marshall Gauvin became a full-time free-thought lecturer and moved to Winnipeg in 1926 after strong local response to his talks.
- Gauvin drew crowds of hundreds to thousands, mimicked preachers on stage, and ran the Winnipeg Rationalist Society until 1940.

