
Advisory Opinions Superhighways of Foreign Influence
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Sep 16, 2025 The discussion dives into the chilling rise of violence in American discourse and its impact on free speech, especially on college campuses. It highlights the concept of stochastic terrorism and the significant effects that public figures can have on susceptible individuals. Concerns about online foreign influence and the role of social media in amplifying extreme views take center stage. The legal complexities surrounding Section 230 and the balance between security and free speech during campus events are also scrutinized.
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Humility Enables Conviction And Pluralism
- Humility and conviction can coexist, enabling pluralism without moral relativism. French warns that certainty without humility fuels polarization and future regret among activists.
Brandenburg's High Incitement Bar
- Brandenburg sets a high bar: speech can advocate violence yet remain protected unless intended and likely to produce imminent lawless action. This bright-line protects controversial rhetoric absent direct, immediate incitement.
Limits Of Stochastic Terrorism Legally
- Stochastic terrorism explains how broad hateful rhetoric raises the chance someone will commit violence but lacks predictability for legal incitement. French says it helps cultural critique but is legally vague and dangerous to weaponize against speech.


