Planetary Radio: Space Exploration, Astronomy and Science

Artemis II and III: The science that brings us back to the Moon

Jan 28, 2026
Noah Petro, NASA Goddard lab chief and Artemis III project scientist, and Kelsey Young, Artemis Science Flight Operations Lead preparing astronauts for lunar observations, talk lunar return preparations. They discuss Artemis II flyby targets, training astronauts to observe like geologists, the importance of lighting and human description, and science goals for Artemis III at the Moon’s south pole and SPA basin.
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INSIGHT

Artemis Is Built For Sustainable International Exploration

  • Artemis is designed as a sustained, international lunar program rather than a one-off Cold War goal.
  • Noah Petro highlights international partners, multiple lander companies, and intent to grow missions beyond Apollo's short campaign.
ANECDOTE

Personal Connection To Apollo Through Family

  • Noah Petro described personal pride and pressure because his father worked on Apollo hardware decades ago.
  • He recalls seeing his dad's parts in museums and feeling multi-generational connection to lunar work.
INSIGHT

M3 Discovery Shifted Focus To Lunar Poles

  • The 2009 Moon Mineralogy Mapper discovery of surface water/hydroxyl helped pivot exploration priorities to the poles.
  • Noah Petro recalls long team debates and follow-up confirmations that made polar resources central to Artemis planning.
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