
Philosophy Bites Edouard Machery on Variations in Responses to Thought Experiments
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Nov 2, 2025 Edouard Machery, a philosopher specializing in cross-cultural intuitions and thought experiments, delves into the surprising variability of responses to philosophical dilemmas. He challenges the idea that intuitions are universal, sharing insights from studies conducted across diverse cultures. Notably, he examines the Gettier problem and reveals unexpected global agreement, while also highlighting significant differences in interpretations of Kripke's and Putnam's thought experiments. Machery argues for the need to scrutinize the reliability of thought experiments in philosophical discourse.
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Gettier Intuitions Are Widely Shared
- Cross-cultural tests of Gettier cases across ~20–25 languages found little variation.
- Laypeople worldwide tended to share philosophers' intuition that John lacks knowledge.
Kripke's Gödel And The Name Puzzle
- Machery describes Kripke's Gödel/Schmitt case where Gödel is believed to have proved a theorem he actually stole.
- The case probes whether a name picks out the historical bearer or the person tied to the property.
Naming Intuitions Vary By Culture
- Responses to Kripke vary by culture: Westerners often link the name to Gödel, East Asians often to Schmitt.
- This cultural split challenges claims of universal reference intuitions.
