The Nathan Jacobs Podcast

Defining "God" | The Evolution of a Word

Jan 29, 2026
A guided tour of how the word 'God' changed from ancient Platonism through Augustine and medieval scholasticism to modern religious pluralism. Discussion of divine simplicity, perfect being theology, and how those ideas shaped assumptions about divine nature. Exploration of rational religion, Kantian limits, and how these histories influence claims that different faiths point to the same transcendent reality.
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INSIGHT

Meaning Of "God" Changes Over Time

  • The meaning of the word "God" has evolved historically and is not self-evident across cultures or eras.
  • Nathan Jacobs argues contemporary assumptions about God reflect a specific medieval-Latin inheritance, not universal consensus.
ANECDOTE

Augustine's Two Conversions

  • Augustine credits reading the Platonists and Ambrose for his intellectual conversion toward Christianity.
  • He saw Neoplatonism's metaphysics as correct but lacking the incarnation: "the Word became flesh" was missing.
INSIGHT

Augustine's Flattened Metaphysic

  • Augustine's Platonist-influenced metaphysic lacks Eastern-Father doctrines like hupostasis and Logoi.
  • That simplified structure in the Latin West helped produce a different conception of God than the East developed.
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