
The Foreign Affairs Interview America the Predatory Hegemon
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Feb 26, 2026 Stephen Walt, Harvard professor of international relations and realist scholar, discusses his concept of “predatory hegemony.” He traces Trump-era grand strategy to post–Cold War overreach and explores how coercive tactics erode U.S. power. Conversations cover allied reactions, China’s diplomatic advantage, India’s hedging, and the limits of American leverage.
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Allies Treated Like Rivals Under Predatory Hegemony
- Predatory hegemony treats allies like rivals and seeks tribute from friends as well as foes.
- Stephen Walt argues Trump uniquely uses U.S. leverage to extract concessions and displays of deference from longtime partners like Canada and Denmark.
Liberal Order Worked When U.S. Exercised Restraint
- The post–Cold War liberal order succeeded partly because the United States exercised power with restraint and sought legitimacy from partners.
- Walt says U.S. overreach and hypocrisy after the Cold War eroded that legitimacy, fueling backlash from Russia, China, and domestic losers of hyper-globalization.
Medium Powers Should Coordinate To Resist Predatory Pressure
- Medium powers should cooperate to reduce collective-action vulnerability rather than individually cut deals with a predatory United States.
- Mark Carney urged Canada and similar states to band together to defend mutual interests and preserve leverage.

