
New Books in Science, Technology, and Society Jacob Mchangama, "Free Speech: A History from Socrates to Social Media" (Basic Books, 2022)
Feb 8, 2026
Jacob Mchangama, founder of the think tank Justitia and author of Free Speech: A History from Socrates to Social Media, maps freedom of thought from ancient Athens to social media. He traces recurring themes like decentralization fostering tolerance and how censorship often backfires. Conversations span medieval Islamic skeptics, the printing press, Milton, and modern debates about speech and social order.
AI Snips
Chapters
Books
Transcript
Episode notes
Athens' Dual Freedom Of Speech
- Ancient Athens mixed political equality of speech with cultural tolerance for debate and drama.
- That combination allowed criticism of the political system itself, foreshadowing modern free speech norms.
Medieval Islamic Free Thinkers
- Ibn al-Rawandi and al-Razi embodied radical medieval Muslim skepticism and challenged religious orthodoxy.
- Their views spread mostly via opponents' accounts but show medieval Islamic worlds hosted fierce free-thinking debates.
Universities Sparked Intellectual Revolutions
- Medieval universities created a culture of inquiry that undermined strict orthodoxy despite church pushback.
- That 'poking around' sowed seeds for the scientific revolution and growing intellectual freedom.




