Thinkers & Ideas

The Doom Loop with Eswar Prasad

7 snips
Mar 3, 2026
Eswar Prasad, Tolani Senior Professor of Trade Policy and Economics at Cornell and Brookings senior fellow, discusses his book about a destructive feedback loop between economics, politics, and geopolitics. He unpacks globalization’s paradoxes, China's rise and middle powers' dilemmas, Europe's policy challenges, the weakening of global rules, and how AI and digital tech amplify instability.
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INSIGHT

Globalization Has Become Part Of A Negative Doom Loop

  • Globalization, domestic politics, and geopolitics now form a negative feedback loop that amplifies instability rather than balancing it.
  • Eswar Prasad explains that forces once thought stabilizing have become intertwined, turning economic openness into a source of domestic grievance and geopolitical tension.
INSIGHT

Winners At The Aggregate Level Hide Deep Domestic Losers

  • Aggregate gains from globalization masked severe distributional losses that fueled populist politics and resentment.
  • Prasad points to de-industrialization and elite capture of tax and regulatory policy as drivers that let populists blame immigrants, elites, or China.
INSIGHT

Middle Powers Are Fragmented Not Cohesive

  • Middle powers were expected to stabilize the system but are fragmented, pragmatic, and prone to issue-by-issue alignment.
  • Prasad uses India as an example: it pursues issue-based alliances, avoids sanctions on Russia, and resists deep alignment with China.
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