Exploring NATS: A Multi-Paradigm Connectivity Layer for Distributed Applications

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Apr 28, 2025

Derek Collison, the creator of NATS and CEO of Synadia, shares insights from his impressive background at Google and VMware. He discusses how NATS revolutionizes messaging systems with innovative features like the circuit breaker pattern and Jetstream. Derek highlights NATS’s advantages in edge computing, emphasizing its resilience and data persistence capabilities. He also addresses the challenges of open-source technology and shares thoughts on the future of connectivity in modern distributed systems, proving NATS's versatility across various industries.

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ADVICE

Use NATS for Edge-to-Cloud Messaging

Use NATS at the edge to store and forward messages to the cloud, reducing complexity.
This approach avoids running heavy systems like Kafka at edge locations with variable network quality.

INSIGHT

NATS Avoids Tromboning in Edge Deployments

NATS avoids "tromboning" by locally storing messages and self-healing network partitions.
This reduces complexity at the edge, enabling services to operate even during cloud or network outages.

ADVICE

Operate NATS Clusters with Expertise

Operators must monitor NATS clusters actively; do not leave default setups unchanged.
Adjust cluster sizes carefully and handle quorum requirements when scaling up or down to avoid lockups.

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Summary
In this episode of the Data Engineering Podcast Derek Collison, creator of NATS and CEO of Synadia, talks about the evolution and capabilities of NATS as a multi-paradigm connectivity layer for distributed applications. Derek discusses the challenges and solutions in building distributed systems, and highlights the unique features of NATS that differentiate it from other messaging systems. He delves into the architectural decisions behind NATS, including its ability to handle high-speed global microservices, support for edge computing, and integration with Jetstream for data persistence, and explores the role of NATS in modern data management and its use cases in industries like manufacturing and connected vehicles.

Announcements

Hello and welcome to the Data Engineering Podcast, the show about modern data management
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Your host is Tobias Macey and today I'm interviewing Derek Collison about NATS, a multi-paradigm connectivity layer for distributed applications.

Interview

Introduction
How did you get involved in the area of data management?
Can you describe what NATS is and the story behind it?
How have your experiences in past roles (cloud foundry, TIBCO messaging systems) informed the core principles of NATS?
- What other sources of inspiration have you drawn on in the design and evolution of NATS? (e.g. Kafka, RabbitMQ, etc.)
There are several patterns and abstractions that NATS can support, many of which overlap with other well-regarded technologies. When designing a system or service, what are the heuristics that should be used to determine whether NATS should act as a replacement or addition to those capabilities? (e.g. considerations of scale, speed, ecosystem compatibility, etc.)
There is often a divide in the technologies and architecture used between operational/user-facing applications and data systems. How does the unification of multiple messaging patterns in NATS shift the ways that teams think about the relationship between these use cases?
- How does the shared communication layer of NATS with multiple protocol and pattern adaptaters reduce the need to replicate data and logic across application and data layers?
Can you describe how the core NATS system is architected?
- How have the design and goals of NATS evolved since you first started working on it?
In the time since you first began writing NATS (~2012) there have been several evolutionary stages in both application and data implementation patterns. How have those shifts influenced the direction of the NATS project and its ecosystem?
For teams who have an existing architecture, what are some of the patterns for adoption of NATS that allow them to augment or migrate their capabilities?
What are some of the ecosystem investments that you and your team have made to ease the adoption and integration of NATS?
What are the most interesting, innovative, or unexpected ways that you have seen NATS used?
What are the most interesting, unexpected, or challenging lessons that you have learned while working on NATS?
When is NATS the wrong choice?
What do you have planned for the future of NATS?

Contact Info

Parting Question

From your perspective, what is the biggest gap in the tooling or technology for data management today?

Closing Announcements

Thank you for listening! Don't forget to check out our other shows. Podcast.__init__ covers the Python language, its community, and the innovative ways it is being used. The AI Engineering Podcast is your guide to the fast-moving world of building AI systems.
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Links

The intro and outro music is from The Hug by The Freak Fandango Orchestra / CC BY-SA