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Systematic EKG Interpretation
- Develop a systematic approach for EKG interpretation: rate, rhythm/axis, intervals, hypertrophy, and repolarization abnormalities.
- Consistency is key, especially when encountering unusual EKG findings.
Sinus Rhythm and P-Wave Axis
- Sinus rhythm means the SA node, located in the high right atrium, paces the heart.
- P-wave axis should be upright in leads I and AVF, indicating normal sinus rhythm.
QRS Axis and Newborn Hearts
- QRS axis reflects the heart's electrical activity; newborns have a rightward axis due to the right ventricle's larger mass.
- As the left ventricle grows, the axis shifts leftward with age.