The Foreign Affairs Interview How to Navigate the Shifting International Order
111 snips
Feb 5, 2026 
Alexander Stubb, president of Finland and former prime minister with a PhD in international relations, talks strategy and realpolitik. He discusses shifting U.S. policy, managing transatlantic ties, Arctic and NATO security, China’s ambitions and the Russia war. He examines multilateralism versus multipolarity and why middle powers and the global South will shape the future order.
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Why Middle Powers Need Multilateralism
- Stubb warns smaller states rely more on multilateralism because they cannot choose between multipolarity and multilateralism like the U.S. can.
- He stresses cooperation with the U.S. on defense and areas of mutual interest despite ideological differences.
Escalate To De-escalate Tactically
- Use a mix of de-escalation and measured pressure ("escalate to de-escalate") when confronting allies' provocative actions.
- Combine diplomatic channels with economic leverage and calibrated military signaling to preserve relationships.
Greenland Reconnaissance Misunderstood
- Stubb recounts Finland's reconnaissance mission and joint exercise planning in Greenland that was misreported as a provocative troop deployment.
- He says the mission was preparatory for Arctic Endurance and coordinated with U.S. engagement.
