The Cribsiders S7 Ep166: DEMystifying ADEM
Jan 28, 2026
Dr. Janetta Arellano, a bilingual pediatric neurologist focused on neuroimmunology and pediatric-onset MS, ADEM, and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. She breaks down ADEM’s defining features and pathophysiology. She covers key diagnostic steps including MRI and CSF testing. She reviews first-line treatments like high-dose steroids, second-line options, and follow-up considerations for recovery and relapse risk.
AI Snips
Chapters
Transcript
Episode notes
Learning From A Difficult Diagnostic Case
- Janetta described a challenging recent case of a young girl with complex symptoms that required outside collaboration.
- She emphasized knowing limits and calling for help, keeping the patient central to care.
Prioritize Early Neuroimaging
- Do prioritize neuroimaging early for any child with acute neurological deficits.
- Get MRI with and without contrast when feasible to guide diagnosis and LP safety.
ADEM Is Postinfectious Autoimmune Demyelination
- ADEM is an acute, typically monophasic autoimmune demyelination often triggered by infection or vaccination.
- Molecular mimicry causes T-cell and sometimes B-cell mediated inflammation and demyelination.