ICU Primary PrepCast #004- CVS -Antihypertensive Agents in ICU
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Jun 17, 2018 Dive into the world of antihypertensive agents in critical care! Discover how various medications like glyceryl trinitrate and sodium nitroprusside work to manage blood pressure effectively. Learn about the role of calcium channel blockers and the unique distinctions between different classes. Unpack the pharmacology of metoprolol, including its vital clinical implications. Finally, compare the effects of clonidine and hydralazine, with a lighthearted twist on the topic of hypotension!
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Antihypertensive Classifications
- Antihypertensives are classified into five categories: adrenoreceptor agents, vasodilators, calcium channel blockers, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system agents, and diuretics.
- Each class targets different mechanisms controlling blood pressure.
GTN Mechanism of Action
- Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) is a potent vasodilator, primarily affecting veins more than arteries.
- It decreases preload and afterload, reducing myocardial oxygen demand, making it useful for angina and heart failure.
SNP vs. GTN
- Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) differs from GTN by acting spontaneously without enzymatic activation and primarily dilating arteries.
- Both can cause cerebral vasodilation and inhibit hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.