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How Long Children Must Attend
- Compulsory leaving ages rose gradually: from 10 (1870s) to 12–14, then 15 in 1947, 16 in the 1970s, and later increments after.
- Early exemptions allowed part-time schooling for working children.
Why Primary Teachers Are Mostly Women
- Primary teaching has long been female-dominated, shaped by training routes, pay, and assumptions linking childcare to teaching.
- A formal marriage bar existed but was lifted by 1944; married women still faced informal discrimination.
Birth Of The National Curriculum
- The National Curriculum arrived after the 1988 Education Act, standardising subjects like English, maths and science up to 16.
- It codified expectations and testing, reducing some teacher autonomy while increasing consistency.


