
New Books in Economic and Business History Elizabeth Mitchell Elder, "Company Towns: Industry Power and the Historical Foundations of Public Mistrust" (U Chicago Press, 2026)
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Mar 22, 2026 Elizabeth Mitchell Elder, a political scientist who studies public opinion and institutions. She discusses coal’s grip on Appalachia and the Illinois Basin and how company control stunted local government capacity. She describes historical corruption, lasting civic cynicism, and surprising midcentury outmigration. The conversation links place-based histories to modern mistrust of government.
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Coal Presence Shrunk Local Government Capacity
- Counties with larger coal industries developed smaller local governments measured by employees and spending beginning in the 1880s.
- Elder uses historical census and census of governments data to show coal's arrival causally reduced local government capacity.
Local Government Often Sided With Coal Against Workers
- Workers often experienced local government as either absent or an active opponent because officials sided with companies during labor conflicts.
- Government frequently supplied law enforcement power to coal firms during strikes, reinforcing perceptions of government as an enemy.
Historic Distrust Of Local Government Predates Deindustrialization
- Early postwar surveys already show deep local government distrust in mining areas, viewing officials as corrupt and unhelpful.
- This negative perception persisted into later surveys and is tied to historical company capture and corruption.

