Focus on Africa

US sanctions Rwandan army

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Mar 4, 2026
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INSIGHT

Sanctions Tie Peace To US Strategic Interests

  • US sanctions target Rwanda's defence forces and senior commanders over alleged support for M23 rebels, signalling Washington will use tools to punish spoilers to peace.
  • The move frames the Washington Accords as enforceable and links US mineral-access deals to pressure on Kigali.
INSIGHT

Kagame Holds The Cards After Targeted Sanctions

  • Sanctioning senior officers raises the political choice squarely for President Paul Kagame to either concede or double down.
  • Gregory Mtembo Slater highlights prior targeted sanctions and says Kagame still holds key cards that could blunt US pressure.
INSIGHT

Mineral Access Underpins US Diplomatic Leverage

  • The US approach is transactional: access to DRC minerals is paired with pressure to enforce the peace deal.
  • Slater notes the US secured about 20% access to Congolese critical minerals as part of broader agreements.
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