Short Wave Never had the flu? Scientists may know why
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Apr 3, 2026 
Juana Summers, NPR journalist and All Things Considered host, joins to unpack surprising health science. They discuss why some people may never get the flu, spotlighting a molecule called dermcidin found in the mouth. Conversation covers dermcidin’s antiviral role and possible uses like targeted vaccines or nasal sprays. They also touch on how brief bursts of vigorous exercise affect disease risk and global food fortification efforts.
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Research Sparked By A Scientist’s Mom
- The study began with Mariam Ferrer-Garcia investigating why her retired nurse mother never got the flu despite exposure.
- Ferrer-Garcia and team collected mouthwash samples from unvaccinated healthcare workers who reported no flu symptoms.
Dermcidin May Block Flu At The Mucus Line
- Researchers found high levels of the protein dermcidin in mouth and nasal samples of 19 healthcare workers who reported never getting flu symptoms.
- Dermcidin, known from sweat for blocking bacteria and fungus, also blocked multiple flu strains and measles in lab tests.
Measuring Dermcidin Could Guide Prevention
- Scientists don't know why some people naturally have higher dermcidin, but measuring levels could flag those at higher risk of severe flu.
- Researchers are exploring dermcidin as a preventative treatment like nasal spray or eye drops.