
New Books in Science, Technology, and Society Vanessa Rampton, "Making Medical Progress: History of a Contested Idea" (Cambridge UP, 2025)
Feb 15, 2026
Vanessa Rampton, historian of medicine and ideas affiliated with University of St. Gallen and McGill, explores how the notion of medical progress has been shaped over time. She traces shifting meanings from ancient debates to WWII and AI. The conversation examines patient empowerment, tensions between costly tech and public health, and visions of sustainability and justice for future medicine.
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Progress Is Historically Contingent
- Medicine never had a single, stable standard for measuring progress across history.
- The Enlightenment shifted views so medical improvement became imagined as potentially limitless.
War And Tech Fueled Postwar Medical Hopes
- World War II and nuclear-era technologies catalyzed public belief in technological progress, including in medicine.
- Postwar politics and military priorities amplified funding and expectations for medical breakthroughs.
Center Patient Autonomy
- Treat patients as autonomous agents and include their choices when evaluating medical progress.
- Align medical innovation with patient values rather than pursuing technology for its own sake.

