Count to 10 - Anaesthetic Primary Podcast EP47 – Oxygen Production, Storage & Supply and Ventilators | Anaesthetic Primary Topic | Equipment & Safety | CT10
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Jan 30, 2026 A whirlwind tour of how medical oxygen is produced, stored and delivered, from fractional distillation to vacuum insulated evaporators. Practical systems are covered next: cylinders, connectors, safe handling and hospital supply. The podcast then surveys oxygen therapy devices, breathing circuits including circle and Mapleson systems, CO2 absorbents and vapouriser types and safety considerations.
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Set Flows To Avoid Entrainment
- Use nasal cannula at 2–4 L·min−1 for FiO2 ≈28–34% and ensure Hudson masks run ≥6 L·min−1 to avoid entrainment.
- Convert to non-rebreather with a reservoir bag to increase delivered FiO2 when needed.
Bernoulli Drives Venturi Masks
- Venturi masks work via the Bernoulli effect: increased velocity lowers pressure and entrains room air.
- FiO2 is determined by the entrainment ratio (entrainment flow ÷ driving flow).
Breathing System Classifications
- Breathing systems classify as open, semi-open, semi-closed (Mapleson A–F) or closed (circle systems).
- Circle systems conserve gases using unidirectional valves, CO2 absorbent, reservoir bag and controlled fresh gas flow.