Manvir Singh: Was Shamanism the First Religion?

Shamanism may be humanity’s oldest religion – a tradition found across cultures, where healers slip into unseen realms, speak with spirits, and bring back knowledge from beyond the visible world. But in a modern, scientific age, these practices can seem like little more than superstition. But what if they reveal something deeper in human experience? 

Anthropologist Manvir Singh set out in search of answers. On a remote island in Indonesia, he lived with the Mentawai people, watching as their shamans — the sikerie — drummed, danced and entered trance, their tattooed bodies painted in turmeric. In these altered states, they appeared to move between worlds. 

How does an empirically-minded scientist make sense of such experiences? Singh combines immersive fieldwork with cross-cultural research into shamanic traditions, past and present. He calls shamanism a “timeless religion,” one that may go back to our earliest ancestors — and still lives on in the world’s major religions.

Along the way, he asks a provocative question: Was Jesus a shaman?

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• Manvir’s book, Shamanism
• Manvir’s article in The Guardian on the debate over the history of psychedelics in indigenous cultures

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0:00 The Macumba Exorcism in Brazil
4:35 Meeting the Sikerei of Siberut
8:30 Inside a Shamanic Healing Ceremony
17:05 Psychedelics and Altered States
22:10 Shamanism as the First Religion
29:25 Was Jesus a Shaman?