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Freud's Cocaine Phase Was Contextual Not Defining
- Freud briefly experimented with cocaine in the 1880s but abandoned it long before developing psychoanalysis.
- Many 19th-century doctors used cocaine therapeutically, so Freud's use reflects medical norms of his time rather than a defining addiction.
Freud's Elitism Is Historically Situated
- Charges that Freud was elitist stem partly from essays like Why War where he suggests intellectual guidance for society.
- His Jewishness and fear of rising Nazism shaped this stance and explain its historical specificity.
Payment and Class Shape Freud's Therapeutic Theory
- Freud tied payment for analysis to therapeutic commitment, arguing patients must give something up to be cured.
- He also theorized neuroses increased with rising class status, implying social position shapes repression.