
New Books in Science, Technology, and Society Dan Roche, "Eyes by Hand: Prosthetics of Art and Healing" (MIT Press, 2025)
Sep 5, 2025
Dan Roche, an English professor at LeMoyne College and author, shares his personal journey with a prosthetic eye since 2009. He discusses the intricate craft of ocularists, highlighting the intimate relationship between them and their patients. Roche explores the balance between technological advancements like 3D printing and the essential emotional connections formed through traditional techniques. He also delves into the evolution of prosthetic eyes, from historical methods to modern innovations, revealing their profound impact on identity and healing.
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Mid-19th Century Turning Point
- Modern prosthetic eyes began to be fitted individually around the mid-19th century, improving comfort and movement.
- That shift started the transition to what we now recognize as realistic ocular prostheses.
Century Of Implant Experiments
- The 19th–20th centuries saw many implant experiments: glass balls, metals, waxes, fat grafts, and exposed pegs for better motility.
- Coral-like porous implants (and later synthetics) finally allowed tissue ingrowth and reliable long-term anchoring.
Why Acrylic Overtook Glass
- Acrylic eyes replaced glass after WWII because dentists adapted acrylic techniques to mass-produce durable prostheses.
- Glass remains preferred by some (e.g., in Germany) for its moisture and aesthetic qualities despite shorter lifespan.


